Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Sudu Impeller terhadap Performa Centrifugal Induced Draft Fan

Ayunin, Sufi Qurrota Ayunin (2025) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Sudu Impeller terhadap Performa Centrifugal Induced Draft Fan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Induced Draft Fan (IDF) memiliki peran penting dalam sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU), khususnya dalam mengalirkan flue gas dari boiler ke cerobong secara efisien. Salah satu komponen utama IDF adalah impeller, yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan tekanan fluida dan mengubah energi mekanik menjadi energi fluida. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis performa IDF dengan memvariasikan jumlah sudu impeller, yaitu 10, 12, dan 14 sudu, pada sudut kelengkungan outlet β₂ = 105° dengan kapasitas tetap 94.100 m³/h. Pemodelan 3D dilakukan menggunakan software CAD, dan simulasi numerik dengan pendekatan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dilakukan melalui ANSYS Fluent. Parameter performa yang dianalisis meliputi tekanan total, daya, efisiensi, dan distribusi aliran. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi 12 sudu menghasilkan efisiensi maksimum 55,07% pada kapasitas 82.100 m³/h. Penambahan sudu dari 10 ke 14 meningkatkan tekanan, daya output, dan efisiensi sistem, dengan efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 57,49% pada 14 sudu. Namun, tren efisiensi mulai melandai pada jumlah sudu 14, mengindikasikan batas optimal. Hasil kontur tekanan dan kecepatan juga memperlihatkan aliran lebih stabil dan terarah seiring bertambahnya jumlah sudu. Oleh karena itu, variasi jumlah sudu perlu dipertimbangkan secara optimal untuk keseimbangan antara performa dan efisiensi. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan desain IDF yang lebih efisien dan andal di sektor pembangkitan energi.
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The Induced Draft Fan (IDF) plays a critical role in coal-fired power plants (PLTU) by drawing flue gas from the boiler to the stack, ensuring effective combustion and system efficiency. A key component of the IDF is the impeller, which functions to increase pressure and convert mechanical energy into fluid energy. This study aims to analyze the performance of the IDF by varying the number of impeller blades—10, 12, and 14—at a constant outlet blade angle β₂ = 105° and airflow capacity of 94,100 m³/h. A 3D impeller model was created using CAD software, and simulations were conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS Fluent. Key performance parameters assessed include total pressure, power, efficiency, and flow distribution. Simulation results show that the 12-blade configuration achieves a maximum efficiency of 55.07% at 82,100 m³/h. Increasing the number of blades from 10 to 14 improves total pressure, power output, and overall efficiency, with the highest efficiency of 57.49% achieved with 14 blades. However, the efficiency trend begins to plateau at 14 blades, indicating an optimal limit. Pressure and velocity contour results also reveal that more blades enhance flow stability and direction. Thus, the number of blades must be selected carefully to balance performance gains and possible losses. These findings provide practical guidance for optimizing IDF design in power generation applications to improve boiler efficiency and avoid operational issues.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Induced Draft Fan, Jumlah Sudu, CFD, Induced Draft Fan, Impeller, Number of Blades, CFD.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Sufi Qurrota Ayunin
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 02:33
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 02:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124374

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