Rancang Bangun Sistem Produksi Gas Hidrogen Menggunakan Generator Tipe Wet Cell Untuk Aplikasi Fuel Cell

Asidiqi, Ja'far (2025) Rancang Bangun Sistem Produksi Gas Hidrogen Menggunakan Generator Tipe Wet Cell Untuk Aplikasi Fuel Cell. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menyelidiki produksi hidrogen melalui elektrolisis air menggunakan elektroda stainless steel dan larutan kalium hidroksida (KOH) 0,5 M sebagai katalis. Pengambilan data dibatasi hingga 100 detik untuk menghindari penjenuhan elektrolit, pemanasan berlebihan pada elektroda, dan penurunan kemurnian gelembung hidrogen yang dapat mengganggu kinerja fuel cell. Konsentrasi KOH dipilih rendah (<1 M) untuk mengoptimalkan mobilitas ion dan konduktivitas listrik, mengingat konsentrasi tinggi meningkatkan viskositas dan menghambat difusi ion. Konsentrasi gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan diukur menggunakan sensor MQ-8 (rentang 100-10.000 ppm), yang dikalibrasi sebelumnya berdasarkan karakteristik datasheet dan pengukuran udara bersih. Hasil eksperimen dengan daya input 12V 20A menunjukkan tiga fase kinerja: (1) Fase respon cepat (H₂ <500 ppm) dengan kenaikan tegangan signifikan (1500-2500 mV, sensitivitas ~2 mV/ppm), (2) Fase transisi optimal (500-1500 ppm) dengan kenaikan tegangan melambat (2500-3500 mV, sensitivitas ~0.67 mV/ppm), dan (3) Fase saturasi (>1500 ppm) dengan kenaikan minimal (3500-4000 mV, sensitivitas ~0.33 mV/ppm) akibat polarisasi konsentrasi dan endapan elektrolit. Fluktuasi pada 500-700 ppm disebabkan oleh keterbatasan suplai oksigen dari Udara bebas ke fuel cell tipe open cathode. Efisiensi generator hidrogen tergolong rendah (1%, debit rata-rata 1.1268 ×10⁻⁵ m³/s), dipengaruhi faktor lingkungan seperti uap dan panas. Kelemahan utama terletak pada desain fuel cell sel tunggal yang menghasilkan listrik kecil dan ketergantungan pada suplai oksigen pasif, sehingga memerlukan pompa udara untuk optimasi.
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This study investigates hydrogen production through water electrolysis using stainless steel electrodes and a 0.5 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution as a catalyst. Data collection was limited to 100 seconds to prevent electrolyte saturation, excessive electrode heating, and decreased hydrogen bubble purity, all of which can disrupt fuel cell performance. The KOH concentration was chosen to be low (<1 M) to optimize ion mobility and electrical conductivity, as higher concentrations increase viscosity and hinder ion diffusion. The concentration of the generated hydrogen gas was measured using a pre-calibrated MQ-8 sensor (range: 100-10,000 ppm), based on datasheet characteristics and clean air measurements. Experimental results with a 12V 20A input power revealed three performance phases: (1) A rapid response phase (H₂ <500 ppm) with a significant voltage increase (1500-2500 mV, sensitivity ~2 mV/ppm), (2) An optimal transition phase (500-1500 ppm) with a slower voltage rise (2500-3500 mV, sensitivity ~0.67 mV/ppm), and (3) A saturation phase (>1500 ppm) with minimal voltage gain (3500- 4000 mV, sensitivity ~0.33 mV/ppm) due to concentration polarization and electrolyte deposits. Fluctuations observed at 500-700 ppm were caused by limitations in the oxygen supply from ambient air to the open-cathode type fuel cell. The hydrogen generator efficiency was notably low (1%, average flow rate 1.1268 × 10⁻⁵ m³/s), influenced by environmental factors such as moisture and heat. The primary system weakness lies in the single-cell open-cathode fuel cell design, which produces minimal electricity and relies on passive oxygen supply, thus requiring an air pump for optimization.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Elektrolisis, Hidrogen, Fuel cell, Energi Bersih.Electrolysis, Hydrogen, Fuel cell, Clean Energy.
Subjects:	Q Science T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2931 Fuel cells
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ja'far Asidiqi
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2025 09:25
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2025 09:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124378

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