Yuda, Taimur Ahmad (2025) Pemodelan Smart Contract Berbasis Blockchain Melalui Integrasi BIM dan Rantai Pasok pada Proyek Konstruksi. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Industri konstruksi hingga saat ini masih sangat bergantung pada sistem tradisional yang terfragmentasi, yang kerap menimbulkan keterlambatan, inefisiensi, dan perselisihan antar pemangku kepentingan. Salah satu praktik yang masih umum diterapkan adalah sistem pembayaran bertahap, di mana dana disalurkan dari pemilik proyek kepada kontraktor utama, kemudian didistribusikan secara berjenjang kepada subkontraktor dan pemasok. Di samping itu, sistem rantai pasok dalam proyek konstruksi umumnya masih bersifat manual dan belum mampu menyediakan visibilitas waktu nyata, pertukaran data yang aman, serta proses yang efisien. Untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut, teknologi Blockchain dipandang sebagai pendekatan yang menjanjikan karena kemampuannya dalam menyediakan sistem yang aman, transparan, terdesentralisasi, dan efisien.
Penelitian ini mengusulkan pemodelan smart contract berbasis Blockchain yang diintegrasikan dengan Building Information Modeling (BIM) dan manajemen rantai pasok sebagai pendekatan inovatif dalam pengelolaan proyek konstruksi. Tujuan utama dari pendekatan ini adalah mengotomatisasi alur pengadaan material dan proses pembayaran khususnya dari kontraktor ke pemasok, guna meminimalkan keterlambatan transaksi. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup pengembangan kerangka kerja konseptual, pemodelan sistem, serta simulasi jaringan Blockchain pada studi kasus terpilih. Proses validasi dilakukan melalui pengumpulan tanggapan dari para praktisi ahli dan calon pengguna, serta analisis komparatif terhadap efisiensi sistem yang diusulkan dibandingkan dengan kontrak tradisional, dengan fokus pada durasi proses pembayaran.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi smart contract, blockchain, BIM, dan rantai pasok dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengadaan, memperkuat transparansi transaksi, dan menjaga keamanan data. Efektivitas model ini terlihat dari pemangkasan waktu siklus pembayaran yang sebelumnya membutuhkan 32 hari - 40 hari, menjadi hanya 19 hari dengan sistem smart contract berbasis blockchain. Hal ini menunjukkan model yang dibuat dapat mengefisiensikan waktu pengadaan sebesar 40.6% pada kondisi optimis pengadaan tradisional dan 52.5% pada kondisi pesimis pengadaan tradisional. Namun, keberhasilan penerapan sistem ini sangat bergantung pada kesiapan infrastruktur teknologi, regulasi yang mendukung, dan tingkat adopsi dari pelaku industri konstruksi.
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The construction industry still heavily relies on fragmented traditional systems, which often lead to delays, inefficiencies, and disputes among stakeholders. One common practice that remains widely applied is the tiered payment system, where funds are disbursed from the project owner to the main contractor and then distributed sequentially to subcontractors and suppliers. In addition, the Rantai Pasok system in construction projects generally remains manual and lacks real-time visibility, secure data exchange, and efficient processes. To address these challenges, blockchain technology is regarded as a promising approach due to its ability to provide a secure, transparent, decentralized, and efficient system.
This study proposes a blockchain-based smart contract model integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Rantai Pasok management as an innovative approach to construction project management. The main objective is to automate the material procurement and payment processes—particularly from contractors to suppliers—in order to minimize transaction delays. The methodology includes the development of a conceptual framework, system modeling, and blockchain network simulation applied to a selected case study. Validation was conducted through expert and user feedback, along with a comparative analysis of the proposed system’s efficiency against traditional contracts, with a focus on payment process duration.
The results of the study indicate that the integration of smart contracts, blockchain, BIM, and the supply chain can improve procurement efficiency, enhance transaction transparency, and ensure data security. The effectiveness of the model is evident from the reduction in the payment cycle duration, which previously took 32 to 40 days, to only 19 days using a blockchain-based smart contract system. This demonstrates that the proposed model can improve procurement time efficiency by 40.6% under optimistic traditional conditions and 52.5% under pessimistic conditions. However, the success of implementing this system largely depends on the readiness of technological infrastructure, supportive regulations, and the level of adoption within the construction industry.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Blockchain, Building Information Modeling (BIM), Efisiensi Proyek Konstruksi, Manajemen Rantai Pasok, Smart contract, Blockchain, Building Information Modeling (BIM), Construction Project Efficiency, Smart contract, Supply Chain Management |
Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) > T56.8 Project Management T Technology > T Technology (General) > T58.5 Information technology. IT--Auditing T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Taimur Ahmad Yuda |
Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2025 06:24 |
Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2025 06:24 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124630 |
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