Pengaruh Melatonin Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Pada Kultur In vitro Tanaman Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC)

Mufidah, Luri Kamilia (2025) Pengaruh Melatonin Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Flavonoid Total Pada Kultur In vitro Tanaman Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 5005211010-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (3MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Tanaman Gynura pseudochina atau disebut daun dewa merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid sehingga banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat tradisional untuk meredakan demam hingga menurunkan kadar gula darah. Dalam upaya peningkatan metabolit sekunder dapat dilakukan dengan proses elisitasi menggunakan melatonin. Melatonin termasuk dalam senyawa indolalamin yang memiliki struktur hampir sama dengan auksin sehingga berperan dalam mengatur pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman, induksi kalus, dan meningkatkan jumlah sintesis senyawa metabolit sekunder pada tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian melatonin terhadap parameter pertumbuhan dan kandungan flavonoid total tanaman daun dewa yang dikulturkan secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan dengan penanaman eksplan nodus pada media dasar MS dengan kombinasi ZPT berupa 0,25 ppm Naphtalene Acetic Acid (NAA) dan 3 ppm Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), ditambahkan elisitasi melatonin konsentrasi 0; 0,5; 1; 1,5 μM, dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan parameter pertumbuhan, maserasi ekstrak, dan pengukuran kandungan flavonoid total menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis secara komposit. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini yaitu persentase kalogenesis dan organogenesis, tinggi tanaman, berat basah, jumlah daun, akar, nodus, dan tunas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan menghasilkan persentase kalogenesis dan organogenesis sebesar 100%. Respon pembentukan akar hanya terjadi pada melatonin konsentrasi 0,5 µM dan 1 µM. Aplikasi melatonin dengan konsentrasi 1 µM menunjukkan hasil tertinggi daripada perlakuan lainnya ditinjau pada rata-rata tinggi tanaman (4,00±0,34 cm/eksplan), jumlah daun (24,16±2,74 daun/eksplan), jumlah nodus (10,5±1,64 nodus/eksplan), jumlah tunas (6,33±1,21 tunas/eksplan), dan jumlah akar (3,75±0,95 akar/eksplan). Pemberian melatonin secara signifikan meningkatkan kandungan flavonoid total pada ekstrak tanaman G. pseudochina dibandingkan dengan kontrol tanpa melatonin. Melatonin konsentrasi 1 µM ditemukan paling efektif dalam mengindukasi akumulasi flavonoid sebesar 83,71 mgQE/g FW.
===========================================================================================================================================
The Gynura pseudochina plant, also known as the “dewa leaf,” is a herbal plant containing secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, making it widely used by the Indonesian people as a traditional medicine to alleviate fever and lower blood sugar levels. Efforts to increase secondary metabolites can be achieved through the
elicitation process using melatonin. Melatonin is an indoleamine compound with a structure similar to auxin, playing a role in regulating plant growth and development, callus induction, and increasing the synthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. The objective of this study was
to determine the effect of melatonin application on growth parameters and total flavonoid content in dewa leaf plants cultured in vitro. The study was conducted by planting node explants on MS medium with a combination of plant growth regulators (PGRs) consisting of 0.25 ppm Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 3 ppm Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), supplemented with melatonin elicitation at concentrations of 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5 μM, followed by observations of growth parameters, extraction maseration, and measurement of total flavonoid content using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The parameters observed in this study were the percentage of callogenesis
and organogenesis, plant height, fresh weight, number of leaves, roots, nodes, and shoots. The results showed that all treatments produced a 100% percentage of callogenesis and organogenesis. Root formation only occurred at melatonin concentrations of 0.5 µM and 1 µM. The application of melatonin at a concentration of 1 µM showed the highest results compared to other treatments, as seen in the average plant height (4.00±0.34 cm/explant), number of leaves (24.16±2.74 leaves/explant), number of nodes (10.5±1.64 nodes/explant), number of shoots (6.33±1.21 shoots/explant), and number of roots (3.75±0.95 roots/explant). Melatonin treatment significantly increased the total flavonoid content in G. pseudochina plant extracts compared to the control without melatonin. A melatonin concentration of 1 µM was found to be most effective in inducing flavonoid accumulation, reaching 83.71 mgQE/g FW.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Elisitasi, Flavonoid, Gynura pseudochina, Kultur in vitro, Melatonin. Elicitation, Flavonoid, Gynura pseudochina, In vitro Culture, Melatonin
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QK Botany Q Science > QK Botany > QK731 Growth (Plants)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Luri Kamilia Mufidah
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 01:25
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 01:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124670

Actions (login required)

View Item