Maharani, Syahda Rifi (2025) Studi Eksperimental Tentang Pengaruh Sudut Deflektor Di Depan Sudu Returning Dan Advancing Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Angin Savonius “Studi Kasus untuk Deflektor dengan Sudut Kemiringan α = 70° dan β= 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 45°; pada Variasi Kecepatan Angin 5 m/s dan 7 m/s”. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya.
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Abstract
Energi angin merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia, terutama di wilayah dengan kecepatan angin rendah hingga sedang seperti kawasan pesisir dan dataran tinggi. Berdasarkan data dari Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM), total potensi energi angin nasional diperkirakan mencapai 154,6 Gigawatt (GW), namun pemanfaatannya hingga tahun 2024 baru mencapai 152,3 Megawatt (MW). Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan besar antara potensi teknis dan realisasi implementasi di lapangan. Salah satu solusi yang dapat ditawarkan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi konversi energi angin adalah dengan menggunakan turbin angin Savonius, yang dikenal memiliki kemampuan beroperasi baik pada kecepatan angin rendah, desain yang sederhana, serta biaya produksi yang relatif murah. Namun, efisiensi turbin angin Savonius masih dapat ditingkatkan, salah satunya melalui modifikasi aliran udara menggunakan deflektor. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi sudut dan posisi deflektor terhadap performa turbin angin Savonius, khususnya dalam menghasilkan torsi dan daya output yang lebih optimal.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui metode eksperimen dengan meletakkan deflektor di samping sudu advancing dengan sudut kemiringan (α) sebesar 70° serta di depan sudu returning pada variasi sudut kemiringan (β) sebesar 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, dan 45°. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan dua variasi kecepatan angin (U), yaitu 5 m/s dan 7 m/s, yang alirannya diseragamkan dengan honeycomb dan kecepatannya diatur dengan mengontrol nilai voltase dari axial fan menggunakan voltage regulator serta kecepatannya diukur menggunakan anemometer. Pengukuran performa turbin dilakukan dengan pengukuran nilai torsi statis menggunakan torquemeter, pengukuran torsi dinamis melalui brake dynamometer, dan pengukuran kecepatan rotasi turbin menggunakan tachometer.
Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penambahan pelat deflektor di depan sudu returning dan di samping sudu advancing dapat meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius jika dibandingkan dengan konfigurasi konvensional. Peningkatan paling signifikan terjadi pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s pada Konfigurasi 5 (α = 70°, β = 45°), dengan nilai Coefficient of Power (CoP) meningkat hingga 41,79%, serta Coefficient of Moment (Cm) mencapai peningkatan maksimum sebesar 23,96%. Secara keseluruhan, penggunaan deflektor menunjukkan peningkatan nilai Coefficient of Static Torque (CTS) di seluruh konfigurasi yang diuji, dengan nilai CTS >0, yang mengindikasikan bahwa kedua deflektor mampu mengoptimalkan kemampuan self-starting turbin.
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Wind energy is one of the renewable energy sources that has great potential to be developed in Indonesia, especially in areas with low to moderate wind speeds such as coastal and highland areas. Based on data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (EMR), the total national wind energy potential is estimated to reach 154.6 Gigawatts (GW), but its utilization until 2024 will only reach 152.3 Megawatts (MW). This shows that there is a large gap between technical potential and the realization of implementation in the field. One of the solutions that can be offered to improve the efficiency of wind energy conversion is to use Savonius wind turbines, which are known to have the ability to operate at both low wind speeds, simple design, and relatively low production costs. However, the efficiency of the Savonius wind turbine can still be improved, one of which is through modifying the airflow using a deflector. Therefore, this study is focused on evaluating the influence of angle and deflector position variations on the performance of Savonius wind turbines, especially in producing more optimal torque and output power.
This research was conducted through an experimental method by placing the deflector next to the advancing blade with an inclination angle (α) of 70° and in front of the returning blade at a variation in inclination angle (β) of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, and 45°. In this study, two variations of wind speed (U) were used, namely 5 m/s and 7 m/s, whose flow was uniformized with honeycomb and the speed was regulated by controlling the voltage value of the axial fan using a voltage regulator and the speed measured using an anemometer. Turbine performance measurement is carried out by measuring static torque values using torquemeters, dynamic torque measurements using brake dynamometers, and measuring turbine rotation speed using tachometer.
This study proves that the addition of a deflector plates in front of the returning blade and beside the advancing blade can improve the performance of the Savonius wind turbine when compared to the conventional configuration. The most significant increase occurs at a wind speed of 5 m/s in Configuration 5 (α = 70°, β = 45°), with the Coefficient of Power (CoP) value increasing up to 41.79%, and the Coefficient of Moment (Cm) reaching a maximum increase of 23.96%. Overall, the use of deflectors showed an increase in the Coefficient of Static Torque (CTS) value in all tested configurations, with CTS values >0, which indicates that both deflectors were able to optimize the turbine's self-starting capability.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Deflektor, Sudu advancing, Sudu returning, Turbin angin Savonius, Deflector, Advancing blade, Returning blade, Savonius wind turbine |
| Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ820 Wind power T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ828 Wind turbines |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Syahda Rifi Maharani |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2025 06:08 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2025 06:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/124688 |
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