Naura, Shevina Raissa Alifia (2025) Pengaruh Aplikasi Cat Bio-Antifouling Terhadap Komunitas Biofouling Pada Plat Kayu Dengan Perlakuan Statis Di Perairan Gili Noko, Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Biofouling pada struktur terendam menjadi tantangan besar di sektor maritim, sementara sementara penggunaan cat antifouling kimiawi memicu dampak toksik pada ekosistem laut, mendorong pengembangan alternatif cat bio-antifouling ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas cat bio-antifouling berbahan dasar tanin mangrove dibandingkan cat berbasis oksida tembaga (Cat Antifouling Kimiawi) dan kontrol tanpa cat dalam menghambat kolonisasi biofouling pada plat kayu di perairan Gili Noko, Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif, di mana plat kayu uji direndam secara statis pada kedalaman 3 meter selama 6 bulan untuk memungkinkan suksesi kolonisasi alami tanpa pengaruh arus buatan, sehingga merefleksikan kondisi ekologis perairan tropis secara representatif. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi luas penutupan biofouling yang diukur menggunakan software ImageJ, kemudian dikonversi ke bentuk persentase. Identifikasi spesies secara morfologi, serta analisis struktur komunitas melalui perhitungan indeks kepadatan, kemerataan, dan dominansi. Uji ANOVA satu arah untuk melihat perbedaan signifikan pada perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan yang sangat signifikan (p<0,001) antara perlakuan, dengan Cat Antifouling Kimiawi menunjukkan rata-rata penutupan biofouling terendah (48,56%), diikuti oleh kontrol tanpa cat (83,77%), dan tertinggi pada Cat Bio-Antifouling (90,20%). Identifikasi spesies menunjukkan Cat Antifouling Kimiawi hanya mendukung kolonisasi organisme perintis kecil seperti Leucothoe sp. dan Capitella sp., sedangkan Cat Bio-Antifouling dikolonisasi oleh makrofouler bercangkang keras seperti Pinctada imbricata, serupa dengan plat kontrol yang mendukung pertumbuhan Modiolus modulaides. Luas penutupan biofouling yang tinggi pada Cat Bio-Antifouling tidak semata disebabkan oleh ketidakefektifan senyawa tanin, tetapi diduga kuat dipengaruhi oleh faktor non-kimiawi seperti tekstur permukaan yang kasar dan warna cat yang lebih gelap. Permukaan kasar meningkatkan luas area mikro untuk penempelan, sementara warna gelap menyerap panas dan menciptakan kondisi yang lebih disukai oleh larva biofouling. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas antifouling tidak hanya ditentukan oleh komposisi kimia, namun juga oleh sifat fisik permukaan cat. Temuan ini menjadi dasar penting bagi pengembangan cat bio-antifouling yang tidak hanya berdaya hambat biologis, tetapi juga memiliki karakter permukaan yang tidak mendukung kolonisasi.
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Biofouling on submerged structures poses a major challenge in the maritime sector, while the use of chemical-based antifouling paints triggers toxic impacts on marine ecosystems, thereby driving the development of environmentally friendly bio-antifouling paint alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mangrove tannin-based bio-antifouling paint (Bio-Antifouling) compared to copper oxide-based paint (Antifouling Kimiawi ) and an uncoated control in inhibiting biofouling colonization on wooden test panels in the waters of Gili Noko, Gresik Regency, East Java. The research employed a descriptive-qualitative approach, where wooden panels were immersed statically at a depth of three meters for six months to allow natural colonization succession without artificial flow influences, thus reflecting tropical marine ecological conditions representatively. Data collected included the percentage of biofouling coverage area measured using ImageJ software, morphological species identification, and community structure analysis through calculations of density, evenness, and dominance indices. One-way ANOVA was conducted to assess significant differences among treatments. The results showed a highly significant difference (p<0.001), with Antifouling Chemical xhibiting the lowest mean biofouling coverage (48.56%), followed by the uncoated control (83.77%), and the highest on Bio-Antifouling (90.20%). Species identification revealed that Antifouling Chemical only supported colonization by small pioneer organisms such as Leucothoe sp. and Capitella sp., while Bio-Antifouling was colonized by large-shelled macrofoulers such as Pinctada imbricata, similar to the control panel dominated by Modiolus modulaides. The extensive fouling observed on Lanata-coated plates was not solely attributed to the ineffectiveness of tannin compounds, but likely influenced by non-chemical surface factors such as rough texture and darker coloration. A rougher surface provides greater micro-areas for attachment, while darker colors absorb more heat, creating favorable conditions for larval settlement and microbial metabolism. Thus, this study highlights that antifouling effectiveness is influenced not only by biocidal composition but also by physical surface characteristics. These findings provide valuable insight for developing environmentally friendly antifouling technologies with both chemical efficacy and unfavorable surface properties for fouling organisms.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bio-antifouling, Biofouling, Tanin, Bio-antifouling, Biofouling, Tannins |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Shevina Raissa Alifia Naura |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2025 04:25 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2025 04:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125258 |
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