Pengaruh Variasi Volume Pelarut Etanol Terhadap Kandungan Total Fenolat Dan Flavonoid Serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Beras Berpigmen

Ayu, Sifra Thrivelia Krisnia (2025) Pengaruh Variasi Volume Pelarut Etanol Terhadap Kandungan Total Fenolat Dan Flavonoid Serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Pada Ekstrak Beras Berpigmen. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Padi (Oryza sativa) merupakan tanaman jenis biji-bijian atau serealia yang berasal dari Asia bagian timur dan India bagian utara. Berdasarkan struktur kernel padi, bagian yang menjadi produk utama yaitu bulir beras. Bulir beras (rice grain) mengandung beberapa senyawa bioaktif jenis antioksidan seperti asam fenolat, flavonoid, tokoferol, tokotrienol, antosianin, proantosianidin, γ-oryzanol, dan asam fitat. Pada penelitian kali ini, terdapat lima jenis beras beras berpigmen hasil persilangan varietas baru dengan kode A, B, C, D dan E. Senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat dalam bulir beras, terutama senyawa fenolat dan flavonoid dapat dipisahkan melalui proses ekstraksi tanpa pemanasan (maserasi) karena senyawa bioaktif mudah terdegradasi pada suhu tinggi menggunakan pelarut etanol dengan variasi volume 20, 40, 60, 80, dan 100% v/v. Hasil pengujian kandungan total fenolat (TPC) menggunakan reagen Folin Ciocalteu (FC) dan standar asam galat pada panjang gelombang maksimum 780 nm, didapatkan data kandungan fenolat total tertinggi pada variasi A-EtOH-80, B-EtOH-100, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, dan E-EtOH-100. Hasil pengujian kandungan total flavonoid (TFC) menggunakan reagen AlCl3 dan standar kuersetin pada panjang gelombang maksimum 510 nm, didapatkan data kandungan flavonoid total tertinggi pada variasi A-EtOH-100, B-EtOH-100, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-100, dan E-EtOH-80. Untuk pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan dua jenis metode yang berbeda yaitu DPPH dan ABTS. Pada hasil uji DPPH, hasil tertinggi didapatkan pada variasi A-EtOH-40, B-EtOH-40, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, dan E-EtOH-100. Sedangkan pada hasil uji ABTS, hasil tertinggi didapatkan pada variasi A-EtOH-40, B-EtOH-80, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, dan E-EtOH-100. Berdasarkan pengujian korelasi terhadap keempat jenis parameter pengujian, dihasilkan korelasi positif antara TPC dan TFC pada kode jenis beras A, B, C, dan E, namun beras D menunjukkan korelasi negatif. Selain itu, terdapat pula hubungan korelasi TPC dengan ABTS yang lebih dominan dibanding dengan DPPH, serta hubungan korelasi TFC dengan DPPH lebih dominan dibanding dengan ABTS yang didasarkan oleh beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi.
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Rice (Oryza sativa) is a grain or cereal crop native to East Asia and Northern India. The primary product derived from its kernel structure is the rice grain. These rice grains contain several bioactive antioxidant compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. In this study, five types of pigmented rice from new cross-bred varieties coded A, B, C, D, and E were used. The bioactive compounds found in rice grains, especially phenolics and flavonoids, were isolated through a non-heating extraction process (maceration). This method was chosen because bioactive compounds are easily degraded at high temperature. Ethanol was employed as the solvent, with varying concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% v/v. Total phenolic content (TPC) testing using Folin Ciocalteu (FC) reagent and gallic acid standard at a maximum wavelength of 780 nm yielded the highest value for variations A-EtOH-80, B-EtOH-100, CEtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, and E-EtOH-100. Total flavonoid content (TFC) testing using AlCl3 reagent and quercetin standard at a maximum wavelength of 510 nm yielded the highest value for variations A-EtOH-100, B-EtOH-100, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-100, and E-EtOH-80. Antioxidant activity was assessed using two distinct methods, DPPH and ABTS. For the DPPH assay, the highest results were observed in variations A-EtOH-40, B-EtOH-40, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, and E-EtOH-100. Conversely, in the ABTS assay, the highest results were found in variations A-EtOH-40, B-EtOH-80, C-EtOH-100, D-EtOH-60, and E-EtOH-100. Based on the correlation testing of the four types of testing parameters, a positive correlation was found between TPC (Total Phenolic Content) and TFC (Total Flavonoid Content) in rice varieties A, B, C, and E. However, rice variety D showed a negative correlation between TPC and TFC. Furthermore, there was a more dominant correlation between TPC and ABTS compared to DPPH, while the correlation between TFC and DPPH was more dominant compared to ABTS. These findings are attributed to several influencing factors.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antioksidan, Beras, Etanol, Fenolat, Flavonoid
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD251.2 Chemistry, Organic. Biochemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sifra Thrivelia Krisnia Ayu
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 10:19
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 10:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125348

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