Studi Numerik Aliran Dua Fasa Pada Vortex Water Turbine Dengan Variasi Sudut Stagger

Nabilah, Aisyah Rifqi (2024) Studi Numerik Aliran Dua Fasa Pada Vortex Water Turbine Dengan Variasi Sudut Stagger. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan kebutuhan energi listrik di Indonesia mendorong pengembangan teknologi pembangkit listrik yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan, seperti Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). Salah satu jenis turbin yang cocok untuk PLTMH adalah turbin air vortex, karena dapat beroperasi pada aliran air dengan head rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis performa turbin vortex dengan variasi sudut stagger runner sebesar 10°, 15°, dan 20° melalui pendekatan simulasi numerik menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Simulasi dilakukan dengan model Volume of Fluid (VoF) untuk merepresentasikan interaksi dua fasa antara air dan udara dalam kondisi aliran bebas (free surface). Geometri yang digunakan memiliki diameter runner 350 mm, jumlah sudu 6 buah, debit aliran sebesar 500 liter per menit, dan profil basin berbentuk conical concave. Validasi simulasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil torsi terhadap data eksperimen. Analisis dilakukan terhadap parameter performa seperti daya turbin, efisiensi, coefficient of power (CoP), dan tip speed ratio (TSR). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa sudut stagger 15° menghasilkan performa paling optimal dibandingkan sudut lainnya, dengan nilai torsi sebesar 1,53 Nm, daya turbin sebesar 9,61 watt, dan efisiensi sebesar 51,25% pada putaran 60 rpm. Selain itu, model dua fasa terbukti memberikan hasil yang lebih representatif dibandingkan model satu fasa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan desain turbin vortex untuk aplikasi energi terbarukan, khususnya di wilayah dengan potensi aliran air terbatas.
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The increasing demand for electricity in Indonesia encourages the development of efficient and environmentally friendly power generation technologies, such as Micro-Hydro Power Plants (MHPP). One of the most suitable turbines for MHPP applications is the vortex water turbine, which operates effectively under low-head. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a vortex water turbine with stagger angle variations of 10°, 15°, and 20°, using a numerical simulation approach based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The Volume of Fluid (VoF) model was applied to simulate two-phase flow involving water and air, capturing free surface interactions realistically. The turbine geometry includes a 350 mm diameter runner with 6 blades, 500 LPM flow rate, and a conical concave basin. Simulation results were validated by comparing torque values with experimental data. Performance indicators analyzed include turbine power output, efficiency, coefficient of power (CoP), and tip speed ratio (TSR). The results indicate that a 15° stagger angle delivers the highest torque at 1,53 Nm, turbine power of 9,61 watt, and efficiency of 51,25%, at 60 rpm among all tested configurations. Moreover, two-phase modeling proves more accurate in representing real-world fluid interactions than single-phase models. This research contributes to the development of optimized vortex turbine designs for renewable energy systems in rural or remote areas with limited water flow potential.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Turbin air vortex, CFD, VoF, sudut stagger, aliran dua fasa, performa turbin. ==================================================================================================================================== Vortex water turbine, CFD, VoF, stagger angle, two-phase flow, turbine performance
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Aisyah Rifqi Nabilah
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 08:17
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 08:17
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125453

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