Studi Eksperimen Nozzle Diffuser Axial Flow Marine Turbine pada Skala Laboratorium

Muharram, Alfan Fadhil (2025) Studi Eksperimen Nozzle Diffuser Axial Flow Marine Turbine pada Skala Laboratorium. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pemanfaatan energi terbarukan di wilayah pesisir sangat penting untuk mendukung keberlanjutan lingkungan dan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir. Namun, implementasinya masih menghadapi tantangan besar, terutama terkait biaya investasi dan keterbatasan teknologi. Di sisi lain, emisi dari kapal nelayan terus meningkat akibat penggunaan bahan bakar fosil, sehingga diperlukan solusi yang ramah lingkungan dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi konversi energi kinetik fluida menjadi energi listrik pada kapal nelayan melalui optimalisasi desain nozzle diffuser axial flow marine turbine. Eksperimen dilakukan pada skala laboratorium dengan merancang dan menguji berbagai konfigurasi nozzle dan diffuser. Variasi yang diuji meliputi jumlah bilah turbin (3, 4, dan 5), jarak penempatan turbin dari outlet, serta dimensi nozzle dan diffuser. Kecepatan aliran air yang digunakan 5 m/s berdasarkan kecepatan relatif gerak kapal yaitu 10 knot dan profil turbin yang dipakai adalah airfoil NACA 4418. Panjang nozzle diffuser yang digunakan adalah 70 cm. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa RPM yang dihasilkan pada setiap variasi berkisar antara 79 hingga 218, sedangkan beban maksimal yang dicapai berada pada rentang 0,411 kg hingga 0,689 kg. Analisis data memperlihatkan bahwa penambahan jumlah bilah turbin hingga empat bilah mampu meningkatkan torsi, kecepatan sudut, dan daya mekanik. Namun, penambahan bilah kelima justru menurunkan efisiensi sistem. Nilai coefficient of power (Cp) untuk turbin 3 bilah berkisar antara 0,01204 hingga 0,02350, turbin 4 bilah antara 0,01984 hingga 0,03704, dan turbin 5 bilah antara 0,01461 hingga 0,02168. Kombinasi optimal diperoleh pada konfigurasi nozzle 46 cm, diffuser 24 cm, jarak turbin 16 cm dari outlet, dan penggunaan turbin 4 bilah dengan nilai Cp tertinggi sebesar 0,03704.
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Utilization of renewable energy in coastal regions is essential to support environmental sustainability and the economic well-being of coastal communities. However, its implementation still faces significant challenges, particularly regarding investment costs and technological limitations. Meanwhile, emissions from fishing vessels continue to rise due to the use of fossil fuels, necessitating environmentally friendly and efficient solutions. This research aims to improve the efficiency of converting fluid kinetic energy into electrical energy on fishing vessels by optimizing the nozzle diffuser design of an axial flow marine turbine. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted by designing and testing various configurations of nozzles and diffusers. The tested variations included the number of turbine blades (3, 4, and 5), the placement distance of the turbine from the outlet, as well as nozzle and diffuser dimensions. The flow velocity used is 5 m/s that based on the ship's relative movement speed, which is 10 knots. The length of the nozzle diffuser used was 70 cm. Test results indicated that the generated RPM for each variation ranged from 79 to 218, while the maximum load achieved was between 0.411 kg and 0.689 kg. Data analysis revealed that increasing the number of turbine blades up to four improved torque, angular velocity, and mechanical power. However, the addition of a fifth blade reduced system efficiency. The coefficient of power (Cp) values for the 3-blade turbine ranged from 0.01204 to 0.02350, for the 4-blade turbine from 0.01984 to 0.03704, and for the 5-blade turbine from 0.01461 to 0.02168. The optimal configuration was obtained with a 46 cm nozzle, 24 cm diffuser, turbine placement at 16cm from the outlet, and the use of a 4-blade turbine, achieving the highest Cp value of 0.03704.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Airfoil NACA 4418, Coefficient of Power, Nozzle Diffuser, RPM, Torsi, Turbin Air, Airfoil NACA 4418, Coefficient of Power, Nozzle Diffuser, RPM, Torque, Water Turbine
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM740 Marine turbines
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Alfan Fadhil Muharram
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2025 07:03
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2025 07:03
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/125577

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