Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Penambahan Massa Asam Fosfat (H₃PO₄) Pada Proses Doping Silikon Terhadap Sifat Kapasitif Superkapasitor Hibrida Berbasis Si-P/MnO2

Rivandi, Naura Diefya (2025) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Penambahan Massa Asam Fosfat (H₃PO₄) Pada Proses Doping Silikon Terhadap Sifat Kapasitif Superkapasitor Hibrida Berbasis Si-P/MnO2. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan global akan sistem penyimpanan energi yang efisien dan berkelanjutan telah mendorong pengembangan material elektroda inovatif untuk aplikasi superkapasitor. Dalam studi ini, dikembangkan material komposit berbasis silikon terdoping fosfor (SiP) dan mangan dioksida (MnO2) pada substrat Nickel Foam sebagai elektroda superkapasitor hibrida. Proses doping fosfor dilakukan dengan variasi massa prekursor H3PO4, yaitu 0.4 mL (SiP4), 0.6 mL(SiP6), dan 0.8 mL (SiP8), yang kemudian dikompositkan dengan MnO2 membentuk K4, K6, dan K8. Karakterisasi struktur dan morfologi menggunakan XRD, SEM, dan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah fosfor memengaruhi struktur kristal dan bentuk partikel. Pergeseran puncak XRD ke sudut 2θ yang lebih rendah, penurunan intensitas, serta pelebaran FWHM menandakan peningkatan d-spacing, penurunan ukuran kristal, dan kenaikanlattice strain. Selain itu, penurunan intensitas juga mengindikasikan peningkatan fasa amorf. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan keberhasilan doping dengan munculnya gugus P=O dan P-O-Si, sedangkan data SEM mengindikasikan perubahan morfologi partikel menjadi lebih tumpul seiring peningkatan massa fosfor. Hasil uji elektrokimia memperlihatkan bahwa SiP6 memiliki performa terbaik dengan kapasitansi spesifik sebesar 0.1 F/g (CV, 10 mV/s), 0.77 F/g (GCD, 0.25 A/g), dan konduktivitas tertinggi sebesar 0.091 S/m. Pada pengujian komposit, K6 menunjukkan performa tertinggi dengan kapasitansi spesifik 1.13 F/g (CV) dan 1.56 F/g (GCD), serta konduktivitas sebesar 0.135 S/m. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa doping fosfor dalam jumlah moderat mampu meningkatkan performa material, sementara doping berlebih
justru menurunkan kapasitansi akibat distorsi kristal berlebih. Penambahan MnO2 terbukti meningkatkan mekanisme pseudokapasitansi dan konduktivitas, menjadikan komposit SiP/MnO2 kandidat menjanjikan untuk elektroda superkapasitor hibrida.
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The global demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage systems has driven the development of innovative electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. In this study, a
composite material based on phosphorus-doped silicon (SiP) and manganese dioxide (MnO₂) on a Nickel Foam substrate was developed as a hybrid supercapacitor electrode. The
phosphorus doping process was conducted using varying amounts of H₃PO₄ precursor, namely 0.4 mL (SiP4), 0.6 mL (SiP6), and 0.8 mL (SiP8), which were subsequently composited with
MnO₂ to form K4, K6, and K8. Structural and morphological characterizations using XRD, SEM, and FTIR revealed that increasing the phosphorus content affects the crystal structure and particle morphology. The shift of XRD peaks to lower 2θ angles, intensity reduction, and
FWHM broadening indicated an increase in d-spacing, reduction in crystal size, and increased lattice strain. Furthermore, the intensity drop also suggested a rise in the amorphous phase. FTIR results confirmed successful doping through the appearance of P=O and P-O-Si functional groups, while SEM data indicated that particle morphology became rounder with
increasing phosphorus content. Electrochemical tests showed that SiP6 delivered the best performance with a specific capacitance of 0.1 F/g (CV, 10 mV/s), 0.77 F/g (GCD, 0.25 A/g), and the highest conductivity of 0.091 S/m. Among the composites, K6 exhibited the highest performance with a specific capacitance of 1.13 F/g (CV) and 1.56 F/g (GCD), and a conductivity of 0.135 S/m. These results confirm that moderate phosphorus doping improves material performance, whereas excessive doping reduces capacitance due to excessive crystal distortion. The addition of MnO₂ enhances pseudocapacitive behavior and conductivity, making the SiP/MnO₂ composite a promising candidate for hybrid supercapacitor electrodes.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	doping fosfor, kapasitansi, MnO₂, silikon, superkapasitor hibrida, capacitance, hybrid supercapacitor, phosphorus doping, silicon
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7872.C65 Supercapacitors.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Naura Diefya Rivandi
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 09:25
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 09:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126100

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