Rumusan Insentif Dan Disinsentif Untuk Mengendalikan Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo

Hamid, Irsyad Alim Nur (2025) Rumusan Insentif Dan Disinsentif Untuk Mengendalikan Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan Di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Luasan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Sukoharjo mengalami penurunan luas walaupun pemerintah sudah berupaya untuk melindunginya dalam dokumen RTRW tahun 2018. 74,7% luas lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan merupakan lahan sawah dengan komoditas utama tanaman pangan berupa padi. 80,4% luas lahan sawah padi juga termasuk ke dalam luasan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan. Penurunan drastis luas lahan sawah yang mengalami konversi selama 5 tahun terakhir menunjukkan perlunya upaya pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang, salah satunya penerapan instrumen insentif dan disinsentif. Penyebab utama terjadinya konversi lahan pertanian dianalisis menggunakan Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) yang menghasilkan pengaruh dari (a) faktor ekonomi & produkstivitas pertanian (pendapatan, biaya produksi, himpitan ekonomi, infrastruktur pertanian, hasil produksi), (b) faktor risiko pertanian (risiko tinggi dan serangan hama), serta (c) faktor spasial dan permukiman (lokasi lahan dan kebutuhan tempat tinggal). Penentuan kebutuhan insentif dan disinsentif didasarkan kepada kecenderungan pemilihan para petani. Model regresi probit dengan pendekatan marginal effect digunakan dalam proses analisis yang menghasilkan tingkat pengaruh dari setiap variabel terhadap probabilitas pemilihan bentuk insentif dan disinsentif. Insentif bantuan keringanan PBB harus memperhatikan permasalahan kondisi ekonomi, lokasi lahan, risiko pertanian tinggi, dan kebutuhan tempat tinggal. Insentif pengembangan infrastruktur pertanian harus memperhatikan permasalahan ketersediaan infrastruktur pertanian, serangan hama, lokasi lahan, dan biaya produksi. Insentif pembiayaan penelitian dan pengembangan benih dan varietas unggul harus memperhatikan intensitas serangan hama. Insentif bantuan sarana produksi harus memperhatikan permasalahan himpitan ekonomi, biaya produksi tinggi dan kuantitas hasil produksi padi tidak stabil, serta lokasi lahan. Disinsentif pemberian kompensasi/imbalan harus memperhatikan permasalahan hasil produksi, ketersediaan infrastruktur pertanian, lokasi lahan, adanya risiko pertanian yang tinggi, serta kebutuhan tempat tinggal. Disinsentif pembatasan sarana pertanian harus memperhatikan kondisi ekonomi, ketersediaan infrastruktur pertanian, serangan hama, biaya produksi, serta kebutuhan tempat tinggal. Disinsentif pemberian status tertentu harus memperhatikan hasil dan biaya produksi, serta lokasi lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insentif dan disinsentif dapat diberikan dengan memperhatikan kondisi ekonomi dan kegiatan bertani para petani.
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The area of sustainable food agricultural land in Sukoharjo Regency has decreased despite efforts to protect it based on the 2018 RTRW document. Approximately 74.7% of the sustainable food agricultural land area is rice fields, with rice being the main food crop commodity. Approximately 80.4% of rice fields are also part of the sustainable food agricultural land area. The sharp decline in the area of converted rice fields over the past 5 years suggests the need for better management of spatial usage, including the implementation of incentive and disincentive measures. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to analyze the main causes of agricultural land conversion, which resulted in the influence of (a) agricultural economic and productivity factors (income, production costs, economic constraints, agricultural infrastructure, and production yields), (b) agricultural risk factors (high risk and pest attacks), and (c) spatial and settlement factors (land location and housing needs). Determining the need for incentives and disincentives is based on farmers’ selection tendencies. A probit regression model with a marginal effect approach was used to determine each variable's influence on the probability of selecting incentives and disincentives. Land and building tax relief incentives must consider economic conditions, land location, high agricultural risk, and housing needs. Agricultural infrastructure development incentives must consider agricultural infrastructure availability, pest attacks, land location, and production costs. Incentives for financing the research and development of superior seeds and varieties need to consider the severity of pest infestations. Assistance for production facilities incentive must consider economic hardship, high production expenses, inconsistent rice yields, and geographical location. Compensation disincentives must consider production yield issues, agricultural infrastructure availability, land location, high agricultural risk factors, and housing requirements. Disincentives for limiting agricultural facilities must consider economic conditions, agricultural infrastructure availability, pest attacks, production costs, and housing needs. Disincentives for granting certain status must consider production yields and costs, as well as land location. The results of this study indicate that incentives and disincentives can be provided by considering farmers’ economic conditions and farming activities.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Konversi lahan pertanian, insentif dan disinsentif, petani agriculture land conversion, incentive and disincentive, farmer
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races > HT133 City and Towns. Land use,urban
Divisions:	Faculty of Architecture, Design, and Planning > Regional and Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Irsyad Alim Nur Hamid
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 07:01
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 07:01
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126386

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