Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Wrap Angle Impeller Terhadap Performa Pompa Sentrifugal Semi-open Impeller

Nugroho, Dava Ramadhan Aji Kusumo (2025) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Wrap Angle Impeller Terhadap Performa Pompa Sentrifugal Semi-open Impeller. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pompa merupakan alat untuk merubah energi kinetik fluida menjadi energi potensial. Perubahan tersebut terjadi karena perbedaan tekanan pada sisi suction dan sisi discharge. Karakteristik pompa sentrifugal dipengaruhi oleh viskositas fluida. Viskositas merupakan suatu nilai yang menyatakan kekentalan fluida. Impeller adalah komponen yang memiliki fungsi penting dalam merubah energi kinetik menjadi energi potensial. Terdapat beberapa jenis impeller berdasarkan konstruksinya seperti open impeller, semi-open impeller dan closed impeller yang memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dalam melayani fluida yang berbeda. Semi-open impeller lebih cocok dalam melayani fluida dengan viskositas yang tinggi. Penelitian tentang pengaruh design impeller dan jenis impeller telah banyak dilakukan, namun terdapat keterbatasan penelitian yang dilakukan secara numerik. Pada penelitian ini, akan dilakukan penelitian tugas akhir dengan judul “Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Wrap Angle Impeller Pada Performa Pompa Sentrifugal Semi-open Impeller”. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem instalasi pengujian pompa sentrifugal. Variasi wrap angle dilakukan dengan sudut 90o, 145o, dan 180o. Pelukisan wrap angle digambar dengan menggunakan metode logarithmic spiral. Objek yang telah digambar akan dicetak menggunakan 3D printing dengan filament bahan polylactic acids (PLA). Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran kapasitas, tekanan suction, tekanan discharge, arus listrik, dan tegangan. Dengan pendekatan eksperimental ini, dihasilkan analisis mengenai bagaimana desain impeller mempengarui performa pompa sentrifugal. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa closed impeller memiliki head 17,27 m dan efisiensi 71,5% pada kapasitas 109,6 lpm lebih handal dalam melayani fluida air. Semi open impeller dengan sudut wrap angle 145° memiliki head 8,28 m dan efisiensi 37,4% performa yang lebih optimal dibandingkan impeller yang lain karena mampu menjaga kestabilan aliran dan memberikan lintasan yang seimbang sehingga mengurangi risiko resirkulasi dan gesekan.
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A pump is a device that converts the kinetic energy of a fluid into potential energy. This energy transformation occurs due to the pressure difference between the suction and discharge sides. The performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump are significantly influenced by the fluid's viscosity. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. The impeller plays a vital role in converting kinetic energy into potential energy. Based on their construction, impellers can be categorized into open, semi-open, and closed types, each with different characteristics for handling various fluids. Semi-open impellers are more suitable for handling high-viscosity fluids. While numerous studies have investigated the influence of impeller design and type, there remains a limitation in numerically based research. This final project, titled “Experimental Study on the Effect of Impeller Wrap Angle Variation on the Performance of a Centrifugal Pump with Semi-Open Impeller,” aims to address this gap through an experimental approach using a centrifugal pump test rig. The impeller wrap angles are varied at 90°, 145°, and 180°, designed using a logarithmic spiral method and manufactured via 3D printing with polylactic acid (PLA) filament. The performance data are obtained by measuring flow rate, suction pressure, discharge pressure, current, and voltage. The analysis shows how impeller design affects pump performance. Results indicate that the closed impeller achieved a head of 17.27 m and an efficiency of 71.5% at a flow rate of 109.6 lpm, making it more reliable for handling water. Among the semi-open impellers, the 145° wrap angle configuration performed best, producing a head of 8.28 m and an efficiency of 37.4%, due to its ability to maintain flow stability and provide a balanced path that reduces recirculation and friction losses.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Semi-open Impeller, Viskositas, Wrap angle, 3D Printing, Semi-open Impeller, Viscosity, Wrap angle, 3D Printing
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ903 Pumping machinery.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Dava Ramadhan Aji Kusumo Nugroho
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2025 04:51
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2025 04:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126587

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