Performa Campuran Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Pada Lapisan Ac-Wc Menggunakan Aspal Plastik Termodifikasi Lignin Dalam Parameter Uji Sensitivitas Kelembaban

Huda, Thoriqul (2025) Performa Campuran Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Pada Lapisan Ac-Wc Menggunakan Aspal Plastik Termodifikasi Lignin Dalam Parameter Uji Sensitivitas Kelembaban. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembangunan infrastruktur menjadi katalis pertumbuhan ekonomi, sehingga kebutuhan jalan, pabrik, dan pasar terus meningkat. Namun, pembangunan ini perlu mempertimbangkan keterbatasan sumber daya alam dan dampak lingkungannya, seperti penggunaan aspal yang merupakan residu minyak bumi. Eksplorasi minyak bumi menghasilkan limbah cair tiga kali lebih banyak dari produksinya, yang berpotensi sebagai limbah B3. Sementara itu, konsumsi aspal Indonesia mencapai 1.06 juta ton per tahun (2016–2021), namun hanya 17% dipasok dari dalam negeri, sisanya bergantung pada impor. Jalan sebagai aset infrastruktur perlu dikelola secara efisien dan berkelanjutan. Pemanfaatan limbah industri sebagai bahan alternatif, seperti Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) menjadi solusi potensial. Namun, penggunaan RAP >25% belum direkomendasikan untuk lapisan surface karena adanya aged binder yang menurunkan kompatibilitas campuran. Oleh karena itu, berbagai studi mengkaji pemulihan aged binder, salah satunya melalui Polymer Modified Binder (PMB) yang berbasis limbah plastic dengan menawarkan manfaat ekonomi dan ekologi lebih dari 20%. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi RAP dan PMB meningkatkan performa campuran, meskipun hasilnya bervariasi tergantung jenis polimer. Perbedaan sifat kimia aspal (hidrofilik) dan plastik (hidrofobik) memerlukan coupling agent untuk memperkuat ikatan antar material. Penambahan agen ini terbukti meningkatkan karakteristik aspal dalam campuran PMB. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi performa lapis perkerasan AC-WC dengan kadar RAP tinggi menggunakan PMB yang dimodifikasi coupling agent. Fokus pengujian adalah sensitivitas terhadap kelembaban menggunakan uji Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) untuk menentukan nilai TSR. Campuran dinyatakan rentan terhadap kerusakan jika nilai Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) < 80%, sesuai standar Asphalt Institute. Hasil dari rangkaian pengujian tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa keberadaan aged binder dalam RAP menyebabkan penurunan berat jenis agregat dan peningkatan rongga udara (VIM), serta menyebabkan perubahan gradasi yang sulit dikontrol. Upaya perbaikan melalui modifikasi menggunakan Polymer Modified Bitumen (PMB) berbahan limbah plastik multilayer (MLP) dan lignin menunjukkan penurunan VIM, terutama pada campuran RAP 30% dari 5.1% menjadi 4.7%. Namun, pada RAP 50%, peran PMB belum cukup efektif. Meskipun demikian, PMB meningkatkan stabilitas campuran hingga 15% dibandingkan campuran tanpa modifikasi. Dari sisi ekonomi, kombinasi RAP dan PMB mampu menurunkan biaya konstruksi hingga 31.7% berdasarkan Analisa Harga Satuan Pekerjaan (AHSP) dan 22.8% berdasarkan Analisa Satuan Biaya (ASB). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan RAP dan PMB memberikan manfaat teknis dan ekonomis, meskipun pada kadar RAP tinggi diperlukan pengembangan lanjutan seperti penggunaan rejuvenator dan pengendalian gradasi agregat untuk memastikan kelayakan campuran.
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increasing demand for roads, factories, and markets. However, this development must consider limited natural resources and environmental impacts, such as the use of asphalt, a petroleum residue. Petroleum exploration produces three times more liquid waste than production, potentially posing a hazardous and toxic waste. Meanwhile, Indonesia's asphalt consumption reached 1.06 million tons per year (2016–2021), but only 17% was supplied domestically, with the remainder dependent on imports. Roads, as infrastructure assets, need to be managed efficiently and sustainably. Utilizing industrial waste as an alternative material, such as Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), is a potential solution. However, the use of RAP >25% is not recommended for surface layers due to the presence of aged binders, which reduce the compatibility of the mixture. Therefore, various studies have examined the recovery of aged binders, one of which is through Polymer Modified Binder (PMB), which is based on plastic waste and offers economic and ecological benefits of over 20%. Various studies have shown that the combination of RAP and PMB improves mixture performance, although results vary depending on the polymer type. The differences in the chemical properties of asphalt (hydrophilic) and plastic (hydrophobic) require a coupling agent to strengthen the bond between the materials. The addition of this agent has been shown to improve the characteristics of asphalt in PMB mixtures. This study evaluated the performance of AC-WC pavement layers with a high RAP content using PMB modified with a coupling agent. The test focused on moisture sensitivity using the Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) test to determine the TSR value. The mixture was considered susceptible to damage if the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) value was <80%, according to Asphalt Institute standards. The results of this series of tests concluded that the presence of aged binder in RAP caused a decrease in aggregate specific gravity and an increase in air voids (VIM), resulting in difficult-to-control gradation changes. Improvement efforts through modification using Polymer Modified Bitumen (PMB) made from multilayer plastic waste (MLP) and lignin showed a decrease in VIM, particularly in the 30% RAP mixture, from 5.1% to 4.7%. However, at 50% RAP, the role of PMB was not sufficiently effective. Nevertheless, PMB increased mixture stability by up to 15% compared to the unmodified mixture. From an economic perspective, the combination of RAP and PMB can reduce construction costs by up to 31.7% based on the Work Unit Price Analysis (AHSP) and 22.8% based on the Unit Cost Analysis (ASB). These results indicate that the use of RAP and PMB provides technical and economic benefits, although at high RAP levels, further development such as the use of rejuvenators and aggregate gradation control is required to ensure the suitability of the mixture.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), Polymer Modified Binder (PMB), Coupling Agent Lignin, Parameter Sensitivitas Kelembaban; Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), Polymer Modified Binder (PMB), Coupling Agent Lignin, Moisture Susceptibility Parameters
Subjects:	T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements > TE278.D523 Pavements, Concrete--Testing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Thoriqul Huda
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 06:35
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2025 03:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126759

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