Pakpahan, Daniel Nelson Pakpahan (2025) Studi Desain Tangki Bertekanan Untuk Mobilitas Karbon Dioksida Liquid Tanpa Unit Pendingin Dengan Metode Analitik Dan Analasis Elemen Hingga. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tugas akhir ini berjudul "Studi Desain Tangki Bertekanan Untuk Mobilitas Karbon Dioksida Liquid Tanpa Unit Pendingin dengan Metode Analitik dan Analasis Elemen Hingga”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang ulang tangki bertekanan yang digunakan dalam transportasi CO₂ cair pada suhu kamar dan tekanan tinggi, yaitu sekitar 57 bar. Redesain dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan efisiensi, bobot, serta faktor keamanan menggunakan pendekatan analitik berdasarkan standar ASME Section VIII dan simulasi numerik dengan perangkat lunak ANSYS. Dalam penelitian ini, empat jenis material baja dipertimbangkan sebagai bahan konstruksi tangki, yaitu SA-283 Grade D, SA-516 Grade 65, SA-662 Grade B, dan SA-516 Grade 70. Dimensi tangki ditentukan berdasarkan volume operasional sebesar 5 m³ dengan tambahan 10% toleransi desain. Perhitungan ketebalan shell dan head dilakukan secara analitik untuk memenuhi persyaratan tekanan internal menggunakan rumus-rumus dari ASME Section VIII Divisi 1 dan 2. Setelah itu, analisis elemen hingga dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi respons struktural terhadap empat kondisi pembebanan berbeda: 1g ke arah sumbu X (LC 2), 1g ke arah sumbu Y (LC 3), 2g ke arah sumbu Z (LC 1), dan rollover atau beban lateral (LC 4). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tegangan maksimum pada model solid untuk setiap kondisi pembebanan berkisar antara 131 MPa hingga 153 MPa, tergantung pada jenis material dan arah pembebanan. Material SA-662 Grade B memberikan nilai safety factor tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 3,3, sedangkan SA-516 Grade 70 memiliki massa paling rendah (3854,88 kg) namun tetap memenuhi kriteria keamanan dengan safety factor sebesar 2,9. Perbandingan antara hasil analitik dan simulasi elemen hingga menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan selisih tegangan maksimum sekitar 2–6%, sehingga validasi hasil dapat diterima. Selain itu, dilakukan juga analisis perbandingan antara penggunaan elemen Shell dan Solid dalam pemodelan numerik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model elemen Solid memberikan distribusi tegangan yang lebih realistis, terutama di area sambungan shell dan head, karena kemampuan menangkap konsentrasi tegangan lokal. Sementara itu, model elemen Shell memberikan hasil yang lebih halus namun kurang sensitif terhadap diskontinuitas geometri. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa redesain tangki bertekanan untuk mobilitas CO₂ cair dapat dilakukan dengan memilih material yang tepat dan memperhatikan distribusi beban secara menyeluruh. Pemilihan material harus mempertimbangkan trade-off antara bobot, biaya, dan faktor keamanan.
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This final project is entitled "Pressurized Tank Design Study for Mobility of Carbon Dioxide Liquid Without Refrigeration Unit by Analytical Method and Finite Element Analysis". This study aims to redesign the pressurized tanks used in the transport of liquid CO₂ at room temperature and high pressure, which is about 57 bar. The redesign was carried out taking into account weight efficiency, and safety factors using an analytical approach based on ASME Section VIII standards and numerical simulation with ANSYS software. In this study, four types of Steel materials were considered as tank construction materials, namely SA-283 Grade D, SA-516 Grade 65, SA-662 Grade B, and SA-516 Grade 70. The dimensions of the tank are determined based on the operational volume of 5 m³ with an additional 10% of design tolerances. Shell and head thickness calculations are performed analytically to meet internal pressure requirements using formulas from ASME Section VIII Divisions 1 and 2. Afterwards, a finite element analysis was performed to evaluate the structural response to four different loading conditions: 1g in the X-axis direction (LC 2), 1g in the Y-axis direction (LC 3), 2G in the Z axis direction (LC 1), and rollover or lateral load (LC 4). The simulation results showed that the maximum stress in the solid model for each loading condition ranged from 131 MPa to 153 MPa, depending on the type of material and the direction of loading. Sa-662 Grade B Material provides the highest safety factor value, which is 3.3, while SA-516 Grade 70 has the lowest mass (3854.88 kg) but still meets safety criteria with a safety factor of 2.9. Comparison between analytic and finite element simulation results showed conformance with a maximum voltage difference of about 2-6%, so validation of the results is acceptable. In addition, a comparative analysis was also conducted between the use of Shell and Solid elements in numerical modeling. The results show that the Solid element model provides a more realistic stress distribution, especially in the joint area of the shell and head, due to the ability to capture local stress concentrations. Meanwhile, Shell element models provide finer results but are less sensitive to geometry discontinuities. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the redesign of pressure tanks for liquid CO₂ mobility can be done by choosing the right material and paying attention to the overall load distribution. Material selection should consider the trade-off between weight, cost, and safety factors.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Analisis elemen hingga, CO2 cair, Tangki bertekanan, Safety factor. Finite element analysis, Liquid carbon dioxide, Pressurized tank, Safety factors. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA660.T34 Tanks. Pressure vessels |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Daniel Nelson Pakpahan |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2025 05:44 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Aug 2025 05:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/126804 |
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