Studi Experimental Pengaruh Variasi Penutup Pada Heater Dengan Forced Convection Terhadap Distribusi Aliran Fluida Pada Mesin Pengering Makanan

Bamazroe, Abdul Karim (2025) Studi Experimental Pengaruh Variasi Penutup Pada Heater Dengan Forced Convection Terhadap Distribusi Aliran Fluida Pada Mesin Pengering Makanan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses pengeringan merupakan tahap krusial dalam industri pangan untuk mengurangi kadar air bahan, memperpanjang umur simpan, serta menjaga kualitas produk. Mesin pengering tipe kabinet dengan sistem konveksi paksa menawarkan keunggulan dalam hal kecepatan dan kebersihan proses pengeringan. Namun, distribusi aliran udara panas yang tidak merata sering menjadi kendala, sehingga menyebabkan temperatur menjadi tidak homogen dan kualitas pengeringan yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi desain penutup pada heater terhadap distribusi aliran fluida dan keseragaman suhu dalam ruang pengering. Tiga variasi penutup diuji, yaitu penutup besar, penutup kecil, dan penutup menempel di rak bawah, dengan menggunakan blower sebagai mekanisme konveksi paksa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium pada mesin pengering makanan berukuran 0,75 m × 0,84 m × 1,15 m, dilengkapi 10 rak berlubang. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi distribusi suhu, kecepatan aliran udara, dan waktu pengeringan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan penutup besar di atas heater menghasilkan distribusi suhu paling merata dengan selisih suhu antar rak hanya ±2°C. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah modifikasi penutup heater dapat meningkatkan keseragaman distribusi panas dan efisiensi yang dihasilkan mesin pengering sebesar 39,3% - 47,35%, sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan proses pengeringan dan kualitas produk akhir.
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The drying process is a crucial stage in the food industry to reduce the moisture content of ingredients, extend shelf life, and maintain product quality. Cabinet-type drying machines with forced convection systems offer advantages in terms of speed and cleanliness of the drying process. However, the uneven distribution of hot air flow is often an obstacle, leading to inhomogeneous temperatures and varying drying qualities. This study aims to evaluate the effect of cover design variations in heaters on fluid flow distribution and temperature uniformity in the drying chamber. Three variations of the cover were tested, namely large cover, small cover, and cover attached to the bottom rack, using a blower as a forced convection mechanism. The research method used was a laboratory experiment on a food drying machine measuring 0.75 m × 0.84 m × 1.15 m, equipped with 10 perforated shelves. The parameters analyzed included temperature distribution, airflow velocity, and drying time. The test results showed that the addition of a large cover on top of the heater resulted in the most even temperature distribution with the temperature difference between the shelves only ±2°C. The conclusion of this study is that the modification of the heater cover can increase the uniformity of heat distribution and the efficiency produced by the drying machine by 39.3% - 47.35%, so as to optimize the drying process and the quality of the final product.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Mesin Pengering Makanan, Distribusi Aliran Fluida, Penutup Heater, Keseragaman Suhu ========================================================================================================== Food Drying Machine, Fluid Flow Distribution, Heater Cover, Temperature Uniformity
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ265.E23 Thermodynamics. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ935 Pipe--Fluid dynamics. Tubes--Fluid dynamics
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	ABDUL KARIM BAMAZROE
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 03:25
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 03:25
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127279

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