Analisa Pengaruh Debit Aliran Air Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Di Desa Penambangan Kecamatan Balongbendo Sidoarjo

Aryansyah, Prayogi Abim (2025) Analisa Pengaruh Debit Aliran Air Pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Di Desa Penambangan Kecamatan Balongbendo Sidoarjo. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh variasi debit aliran air terhadap kinerja turbin Archimedes untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) melalui simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dengan model turbulensi SST k-ω. Analisis didasarkan pada 9 variasi debit (berkisar 0,379-0,476 m³/s) hasil pengukuran lapangan untuk memastikan realisme input, yang diuji pada tiga kondisi kecepatan putaran konstan (50, 70, dan 90 RPM). Parameter kinerja primer berupa Torsi (τ) diekstrak dari simulasi untuk menghitung Daya Mekanik (P) dan Efisiensi (η). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan tiga rezim kinerja berbeda bergantung pada RPM. Operasi optimal pada 90 RPM dengan efisiensi puncak 92,36% (pada debit 0,379 m³/s) dan torsi maksimum 30,53 Nm, Operasi transisi pada 70 RPM dengan efisiensi rata-rata 37%, dan Operasi tidak efisien pada 50 RPM dengan efisiensi rata-rata 14%. Ditemukan bahwa titik efisiensi puncak tidak bertepatan dengan titik daya keluaran tertinggi; daya listrik maksimum 215,69 Watt (dengan efisiensi generator 75%) justru diperoleh pada debit tertinggi, di mana efisiensi turbinnya lebih rendah (78,13%). Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan adanya trade-off antara efisiensi dan stabilitas, di mana putaran 90 RPM sangat produktif namun sensitif terhadap fluktuasi debit. Kelemahan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan mesh yang relatif kasar (di bawah 1 juta elemen) karena keterbatasan lisensi Ansys Student, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi akurasi absolut dari nilai-nilai kuantitatif yang dilaporkan.
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This study analyzes the effect of water flow discharge variation on the performance of an Archimedes turbine for a Micro-hydro Power Plant (MHPP) through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation using the SST k-ω turbulence model. The analysis is based on 9 discharge variations (ranging from 0.379-0.476 m³/s) from field measurements to ensure realistic inputs, which were tested at three constant rotational speed conditions (50, 70, and 90 RPM). The primary performance parameter, Torque (τ), was extracted from the simulation to calculate Mechanical Power (P) and Efficiency (η). The simulation results show three distinct performance regimes depending on the RPM. Optimal operation at 90 RPM with a peak efficiency of 92.36% (at a 0.379 m³/s discharge) and a maximum torque of 30.53 Nm, Transitional operation at 70 RPM with an average efficiency of 37%, and Inefficient operation at 50 RPM with an average efficiency of 14%. It was found that the point of peak efficiency did not coincide with the point of highest power output; the maximum electrical power of 215.69 W (with 75% generator efficiency) was obtained at the highest discharge, where the turbine efficiency was lower (78.13%). Further analysis indicates a trade-off between efficiency and stability, where the 90 RPM speed is highly productive yet sensitive to discharge fluctuations. The main limitation of this research is the use of a relatively coarse mesh (under 1 million elements) due to Ansys Student license restrictions, which potentially affects the absolute accuracy of the reported quantitative values.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	MHPP, Archimedes Turbine, CFD, Water Discharge, Torque, Efficiency, PLTMH, Turbin Archimedes, CFD, Debit Air, Torsi, Efisiensi
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC100.5 Measuring instruments (General) Q Science > QC Physics > QC151 Fluid dynamics Q Science > QC Physics > QC631.D29 Electrodynamics.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Prayogi Abim Aryansyah
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 10:13
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 10:13
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127462

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