Fadhilah, Ido Iman (2025) Strategi Optimalisasi Dan Relokasi Fasilitas Shore Power Connection Di Terminal Petikemas. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penerapan shore power connection di terminal petikemas di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, ditandai dengan tingkat utilitas peralatan yang minim serta belum optimalnya pengurangan emisi karbon dari aktivitas kapal saat sandar. Rendahnya pemanfaatan ini disebabkan oleh dua faktor utama, yaitu banyaknya kapal yang belum melakukan retrofit dan lokasi penempatan fasilitas yang kurang strategis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi optimalisasi dan relokasi fasilitas shore power connection guna meningkatkan utilisasi dan kelayakan investasi, baik dari sisi pelabuhan maupun pelayaran. Metodologi yang digunakan melibatkan analisis kondisi eksisting, evaluasi teknis-ekonomis terhadap kapal domestik yang layak retrofit, serta pemodelan skenario optimasi lokasi terminal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat utilitas saat ini sangat rendah di tahun 2024, seperti di TPK Bumiharjo (0,41%), TPK Bagendang (1,05%), TPK Kupang (0,17%), dan TPK Semarang (2,91%) yang menyebabkan kerugian operasional masing-masing hingga ratusan juta rupiah per tahun. Dari 368 kapal domestik yang dianalisis, terdapat 15 kapal yang layak retrofit pada skenario 1 (tanpa relokasi), dan 48 kapal pada skenario 2 (dengan relokasi). Strategi paling optimal adalah skenario 2, dengan relokasi fasilitas shore power ke terminal dengan potensi maksimal seperti TPK Makassar, Semarang, Bitung, dan Belawan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) sebesar 1,3717 yang menandakan bahwa investasi shore power connection layak diterapkan secara teknis dan ekonomis
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The implementation of shore power connections at container terminals in Indonesia is still relatively low, as indicated by the minimal utilization of equipment and the suboptimal reduction of carbon emissions from ship activities while docked. This low utilization is caused by two main factors: the large number of ships that have not undergone retrofitting and the less-than-strategic location of facilities. This study aims to analyze strategies for optimizing and relocating shore power connection facilities to enhance utilization and investment viability, from both the port and shipping perspectives. The methodology involves analyzing existing conditions, conducting technical-economic evaluations of domestic vessels suitable for retrofitting, and modeling optimization scenarios for terminal locations. The research results show that the current utilization rate is very low in 2024, such as at TPK Bumiharjo (0.41%), TPK Bagendang (1.05%), TPK Kupang (0.17%), and TPK Semarang (2.91%), resulting in operational losses of up to hundreds of millions of rupiah per year. Out of 368 domestic ships analyzed, 15 ships are suitable for retrofitting in Scenario 1 (without relocation), and 48 ships in Scenario 2 (with relocation). The most optimal strategy is Scenario 2, involving relocating shore power facilities to terminals with maximum potential such as TPK Makassar, Semarang, Bitung, and Belawan. The calculation results show a Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.3717, indicating that the shore power connection investment is technically and economically feasible.
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