Pemodelan Karakteristik Gelombang Pada Purwarupa Simulator Gelombang Laut Dengan Penggerak Tipe Flap Dan Piston

Irwanto, Bagus Akhmad (2025) Pemodelan Karakteristik Gelombang Pada Purwarupa Simulator Gelombang Laut Dengan Penggerak Tipe Flap Dan Piston. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gelombang laut merupakan fenomena alam yang memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap lingkungan pesisir, salah satunya adalah abrasi. Untuk memahami karakteristik gelombang seperti amplitudo, frekuensi, periode, dan panjang gelombang diperlukan penelitian yang salah satunya melalui simulator gelombang laut skala laboratorium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis karakteristik gelombang yang dihasilkan dari dua tipe penggerak simulator, yaitu flap-type dan piston-type wave maker. Kedua penggerak ini dibandingkan dari segi kemampuan menghasilkan gelombang dengan karakteristik gelombang tertentu pada purwarupa simulator yang telah dirancang. Sistem pengukuran pada simulator menggunakan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 untuk menangkap data elevasi permukaan air, yang kemudian divalidasi melalui simulasi numerik menggunakan simulink. Pemodelan dilakukan dengan pendekatan teori gelombang linier berbasis fungsi potensial dengan mempertimbangkan parameter kedalaman air, kecepatan motor, dan panjang stroke masing-masing penggerak. Validasi model dilakukan dengan dua tahap, yaitu komparasi terhadap bentuk gelombang sinusoidal umum dan terhadap data eksperimen. Simulasi menggunakan koreksi energi dengan koefisien kehilangan β menunjukkan hasil paling sesuai pada β = 0,3, dengan nilai RMSE terhadap data eksperimen <10%. Secara kuantitatif, rata-rata tinggi gelombang yang dihasilkan penggerak flap adalah 16,39 mm dengan panjang gelombang 393,57 mm, sedangkan penggerak piston menghasilkan tinggi gelombang rata-rata 16,97 mm dengan panjang gelombang 399,29 mm. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua tipe penggerak mampu merepresentasikan gelombang permukaan air secara realistis dan serta memperlihatkan perbedaan performa dalam membentuk karakteristik gelombang sehingga model ini mampu merepresentasikan perilaku gelombang sebenarnya secara akurat. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan simulator gelombang yang efisien, akurat, serta aplikatif untuk studi laboratorium dan rekayasa kelautan, termasuk mitigasi abrasi dan desain struktur pantai atau pembangkit energi gelombang.
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Ocean waves are natural phenomena that have a significant impact on coastal environments, one of which is coastal erosion. To understand wave characteristics such as amplitude, frequency, period, and wavelength, experimental research is needed—one of which can be conducted using a laboratory-scale wave simulator. This study aims to analyze the wave characteristics generated by two types of wave maker mechanisms: the flap-type and piston-type. These two actuators are compared in terms of their ability to generate specific wave characteristics on a prototype simulator that has been designed. The measurement system in the simulator utilizes an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to capture water surface elevation data, which is then validated through numerical simulation using MATLAB Simulink. The modeling approach is based on linear wave theory using potential flow functions, considering geometric parameters, water depth, motor speed, and the mechanical dynamics of each actuator. Model validation is carried out in two stages: first by comparing with general sinusoidal waveforms, and then against experimental data. Simulations incorporating energy loss correction using a loss coefficient (β) showed the most accurate results at β = 0.3, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of less than 10% compared to experimental data. Quantitatively, the flap-type wave maker produced an average wave height of 16.39 mm and an average wavelength of 393.57 mm, while the piston-type wave maker generated an average wave height of 16.97 mm and a wavelength of 399.29 mm. These results demonstrate that both actuator types are capable of realistically replicating water surface wave behavior and exhibit distinct performance characteristics in shaping wave properties, indicating that the model accurately represents real wave behavior.The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of efficient, accurate, and practical wave simulators for laboratory studies and marine engineering applications, including coastal erosion mitigation, shoreline structure design, and wave energy conversion systems.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Flap Wave Maker, karakteristik gelombang, Piston Wave Maker, Pemodelan. =================================================================================================================================== Flap Wave Maker, Modeling, Piston Wave Maker, Wave Characteristic
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC147 Ocean wave power. T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC424 Water levels
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bagus Akhmad Irwanto
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 08:09
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 08:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127526

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