Rancang Bangun Otomasi Sistem Fermentasi Nira Tebu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Bioethanol

Amalia, Salsabila Mirza (2025) Rancang Bangun Otomasi Sistem Fermentasi Nira Tebu Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Bioethanol. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses fermentasi nira tebu sebagai bahan baku bioethanol secara manual menyebabkan parameter penting seperti temperatur dan pH tidak terpantau dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sistem otomasi berbasis mikrokontroler untuk fermentasi nira tebu dengan pemantauan real-time terhadap temperatur dan pH, serta pengendalian proses pemanasan dan pengadukan secara otomatis. Sistem dirancang dengan memodifikasi panci berbahan stainless steel berdiameter 20 cm dan tinggi 25 cm dengan kontrol closed-loop menggunakan sensor RTD PT100 dan sensor pH 4502C yang diolah Arduino Mega 2560. Aktuator heater dan motor DC dikendalikan berdasarkan deviasi terhadap nilai setpoint temperatur 40℃ dan pH 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem otomasi yang dirancang mampu memanaskan nira tebu sebanyak 5 liter dari 28℃ ke 40℃ dalam waktu 13 menit. Proses pencampuran berjalan pada 1000 RPM dengan torsi 0,955 Nm, menghasilkan larutan yang homogen. PH larutan menurun dari 6,5 menjadi 4,01 dalam waktu 12 jam fermentasi, dengan penurunan rata-rata 0,21 pH/jam. Sensor RTD PT100 dan pH 4502C memiliki error pembacaan di bawah 5%, menunjukkan keandalan sistem otomasi. Dengan parameter tersebut, sistem otomasi terbukti mampu menciptakan kondisi fermentasi yang ideal, menghasilkan larutan bahan baku bioethanol yang siap memasuki proses selanjutnya yaitu destilasi.
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Manual fermentation of sugarcane juice as bioethanol feedstock causes important parameters such as temperature and pH to be poorly monitored. This research aims to design and build a microcontroller-based automation system for sugarcane juice fermentation with real-time monitoring of temperature and pH, as well as automatic control of the heating and stirring process. The system is designed by modifying a stainless steel pan with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 25 cm with closed-loop control using RTD PT100 sensor and pH 4502C sensor processed by Arduino Mega 2560. The heater actuator and DC motor are controlled based on the deviation from the setpoint values of temperature 40℃ and pH 4. The results show that the designed automation system is able to heat 5 liters of sugarcane juice from 28℃ to 40℃ within 13 minutes. The mixing process runs at 1000 RPM with a torque of 0.955 Nm, producing a homogeneous solution. The pH of the solution decreased from 6.5 to 4.01 within 12 hours of fermentation, with an average decrease of 0.21 pH/hour. The RTD PT100 and pH 4502C sensors had reading errors below 5%, demonstrating the reliability of the automation system. With these parameters, the automation system proved capable of creating ideal fermentation conditions, producing a bioethanol feedstock solution that is ready to enter the next process, distillation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioethanol, Nira Tebu, Fermentasi, Otomasi ============================================================ Bioethanol, Sugarcane Juice, Fermentation, Automation
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK3070 Automatic control T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5102.9 Signal processing. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5105 Data Transmission Systems T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7871.674 Detectors. Sensors T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7878 Electronic instruments
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Salsabila Mirza Amalia
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2025 04:30
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 04:30
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127741

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