Ekstraksi Nikel Dari Bijih Nikel Laterit Menggunakan Asam Sitrat Dan Asam Sulfat Sebagai Larutan Pelindi

Adawiah, Reihana Justitia (2025) Ekstraksi Nikel Dari Bijih Nikel Laterit Menggunakan Asam Sitrat Dan Asam Sulfat Sebagai Larutan Pelindi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengolahan bijih nikel laterit berkadar rendah umumnya dilakukan melalui proses hidrometalurgi. Sampel laterit yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan jenis limonit, yang berasal dari Kabupaten Konawe, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Proses ekstraksi terbagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu pelindian dan presipitasi. Proses pelindian dilakukan dengan metode
atmospheric leaching menggunakan reagen asam sitrat dan asam sulfat. Konsentrasi asam sitrat yang digunakan yaitu 1, 2, dan 3 M, sedangkan konsentrasi asam sulfat yang digunakan adalah 1M. Selama proses pelindian, suhu yang digunakan yaitu sebesar 80°C, dengan kecepatan pengadukan 200 rpm selama 5 jam, sedangkan proses presipitasi dilakukan pada suhu ruang, kecepatan 300 rpm selama 48 jam. Penggunaan asam oksalat sebagai reagen presipitasi berfungsi untuk mengendapkan logam hasil pelindian. Endapan yang terbentuk setelah proses presipitasi merupakan produk presipitat oksalat. Pada pelindian dengan asam sitrat, massa hasil
presipitat oksalat tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi asam sitrat 3M, yaitu sebanyak 2,11 gram. Sementara itu, hasil pelindian asam sulfat 1M diperoleh sebanyak 1,5 gram. Hasil
karakterisasi XRD yang diperoleh pada variasi asam sitrat 3M mengidentifikasi beberapa struktur kristal yaitu nikel oksalat (NiC2O4), kobalt oksalat (CoC2O4), dan besi oksalat
(FeC2O4), sedangkan pada variasi asam sulfat 1M struktur kristal yang terbentuk yaitu nikel oksalat (NiC2O4) dan besi oksalat (FeC2O4). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, penggunaan asam sitrat dan asam sulfat dalam proses pelindian, diikuti presipitasi menggunakan asam oksalat, berhasil mengekstrak nikel dari bijih laterit, dengan kadar nikel mencapai 38,4% dan 62,9%.
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The processing of low-grade laterite nickel ore is generally carried out through hydrometallurgical processes. The laterite samples used in this study were of the limonite type, originating from the Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The extraction process was divided into two stages, namely leaching and precipitation. The leaching process was carried out using the atmospheric leaching method with citric acid and sulphuric acid reagents.
The concentrations of citric acid used were 1, 2, and 3 M, while the concentration of sulphuric acid used was 1M. During the leaching process, the temperature used was 80°C, with a stirring speed of 200 rpm for 5 hours, while the precipitation process was carried out at room temperature, with a speed of 300 rpm for 48 hours. The use of oxalic acid as a precipitation reagent serves to precipitate the metals obtained from leaching. The precipitate formed after the
precipitation process is the oxalate precipitate product. In leaching with citric acid, the highest mass of oxalate precipitate was obtained at a citric acid concentration of 3M, namely 2.11 grams. Meanwhile, the result of leaching with 1M sulphuric acid was 1.5 grams. The XRD
characterisation results obtained at a 3M citric acid concentration identified several compounds, namely nickel oxalate (NiC₂O₄), cobalt oxalate (CoC₂O₄), and iron oxalate (FeC₂O₄), while at a 1M sulphuric acid concentration, the compounds formed were nickel oxalate (NiC₂O₄) and iron oxalate (FeC₂O₄). Based on the results obtained, the use of citric acid and sulphuric acid in the leaching process, followed by precipitation using oxalic acid, successfully separated nickel from laterite ore, yielding oxalate precipitate solids with nickel contents of 38.4% and 62.9%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bijih Laterit, Nikel, Pelindian Asam, Presipitasi, Laterite Ore, Nickel, Acid Leaching, Precipitation
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Reihana Justitia Adawiah
Date Deposited:	06 Aug 2025 08:38
Last Modified:	06 Aug 2025 08:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127832

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