Rancang Bangun Alat Pengolah Limbah Padat Rumah Tangga Menjadi Bijih

Achmad, Saifudin (2025) Rancang Bangun Alat Pengolah Limbah Padat Rumah Tangga Menjadi Bijih. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Limbah rumah tangga terdiri dari limbah padat, cair, dan gas, dengan limbah padat sebagai penyumbang terbesar. Limbah padat ini terbagi menjadi sampah basah, seperti sisa makanan dan dedaunan, serta sampah kering, seperti plastik dan kertas. Pada tahun 2023, Indonesia menghasilkan sekitar 19,56 juta ton sampah, di mana 39,1% berasal dari limbah rumah tangga. Dari total sampah, hanya 65,24% yang terkelola dengan baik, sementara sisanya tidak terkelola, sebagian besar diolah dengan pembakaran yang menimbulkan polusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan alat untuk mendeteksi kondisi limbah padat rumah tangga, baik basah maupun kering, sebelum proses pengeringan dan penghancuran. Alat ini menggunakan sensor proximity, soil moisture, PT100, dan lidar, serta dikendalikan oleh mikrokontroler STM32 Nucleo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mengolah limbah padat, baik dalam kondisi basah maupun kering, menjadi bahan bernilai ekonomis tinggi melalui proses pencacahan dan pengeringan. Sistem juga berhasil mendeteksi kapasitas sampah secara real-time, serta mengidentifikasi kondisi kosong atau penuh dengan ambang batas sensor yang akurat. Proses pengeringan selama 30 menit terbukti efektif, dengan penurunan kadar air antara 10,2% hingga 15,7%, menunjukkan efisiensi tinggi dalam pengurangan kelembapan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dikembangkan mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pengolahan limbah rumah tangga secara lebih terintegrasi dan ramah lingkungan.
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Household waste consists of solid, liquid, and gaseous waste, with solid waste being the largest contributor.This solid waste is divided into wet waste, such as food scraps and leaves, and dry waste, such as plastic and paper.In 2023, Indonesia generated approximately 19.56 million tons of waste, of which 39.1% originated from household waste.Of the total waste, only 65.24% was properly managed, while the rest was unmanaged, with most being processed by burning, which causes pollution.
This research aims to develop a device to detect the condition of household solid waste, both wet and dry, prior to the drying and shredding process.The device utilizes proximity sensors, soil moisture sensors, a PT100 sensor, and lidar, and is controlled by an STM32 Nucleo microcontroller.The results of the study indicate that the system is capable of processing solid waste, in both wet and dry conditions, into high-value materials through shredding and drying processes.The system also successfully detects waste capacity in real time and identifies whether the container is empty or full, with precise sensor thresholds.A drying process lasting 30 minutes proved effective, reducing moisture content by between 10.2% and 15.7%, demonstrating high efficiency in moisture reduction. These findings indicate that the developed system can improve the efficiency of household waste processing in a more integrated and environmentally friendly manner.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bijih, Limbah padat, Lidar, Proximity, PT100, Soil Moisture, STM 32 Nucleo.======================================================================== Lidar, Ore, Proximity, PT100, Soil Moisture. Solid waste, STM 32 Nucleo.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ213 Automatic control. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223.A25 Actuators. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ223.P76 Programmable controllers T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2681.B47 Electric motors, Direct current. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7871.674 Detectors. Sensors
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User:	Achmad Saifudin
Date Deposited:	07 Aug 2025 04:10
Last Modified:	07 Aug 2025 04:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127916

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