Studi Pemilihan Galangan Kapal Guna Meningkatkan Efektivitas Dan Efisiensi Biaya Perawatan Kapal Perintis: Studi Kasus Wilayah Indonesia Timur

Atmanegara, Rengga Eka Putra Atmanegara (2025) Studi Pemilihan Galangan Kapal Guna Meningkatkan Efektivitas Dan Efisiensi Biaya Perawatan Kapal Perintis: Studi Kasus Wilayah Indonesia Timur. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Program subsidi angkutan laut perintis merupakan inisiatif pemerintah untuk mendukung penyediaan layanan pelayaran ke wilayah-wilayah yang belum terjangkau oleh transportasi komersial. Tetapi program tersebut berbanding terbalik dengan terbatasnya jumlah galangan kapal di wilayah Indonesia Timur yang menimbulkan permasalahan terkait tingginya biaya operasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan penyusunan model optimasi berbasis Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) dengan pendekatan Integer Linear Programming (ILP). Model ini mempertimbangkan beberapa variabel penting, antara lain biaya pelayaran, biaya perawatan kapal, kapasitas galangan, serta durasi proses perawatan. Data yang dianalisis menggunakan 54 unit kapal perintis yang beroperasi di wilayah Indonesia Timur dan 8(delapan) galangan kapal yang berlokasi di Bitung, Ambon, dan Sorong. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis perawatan dan lokasi galangan kapal berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap durasi pelaksanaan perawatan kapal. Rata-rata waktu pengerjaan perawatan di galangan yang berlokasi di Ambon, Bitung, dan Sorong masing-masing tercatat selama 32, 34, dan 37 hari. Faktor jarak, kondisi logistik, tingkat pemanfaatan kapasitas galangan, serta kebijakan manajerial turut memengaruhi besarnya biaya pelayaran dan perawatan. Terdapat perbedaan biaya material dan tenaga kerja antarwilayah yang cukup mencolok, yakni masing-masing sebesar 143,25% dan 72%. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan model Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) untuk menentukan lokasi galangan kapal yang paling optimal dengan mempertimbangkan jenis perawatan yang diperlukan, kapasitas maksimum setiap galangan, serta jadwal perawatan kapal. Hasil simulasi pada berbagai tingkat utilisasi galangan, mulai dari 25% hingga 80%, menunjukkan potensi efisiensi pengeluaran hingga Rp10,23 miliar (8,97%) serta penghematan biaya pelayaran sebesar Rp6,34 miliar (23,78%) dibandingkan dengan skema alokasi galangan pada tahun 2024.
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The pioneer sea transport subsidy program is a government initiative aimed at supporting the provision of maritime services to regions not yet accessible by commercial transportation. However, this program faces challenges due to the limited number of shipyards in Eastern Indonesia, resulting in high operational costs. This study employs an optimization model based on the Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) using an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) approach. The model incorporates several key variables, including voyage costs, vessel maintenance costs, shipyard capacity, and maintenance duration. The analysis utilizes data from 54 pioneer vessels operating in Eastern Indonesia and eight shipyards located in Bitung, Ambon, and Sorong. The results of this study indicate that the type of maintenance and the location of the shipyard significantly impact the duration of maintenance on a ship. The average time to do maintenance in Ambon, Bitung, and Sorong is 32, 34, and 37 days, respectively. Distance, logistics, shipyard utilization, and management policies all have a significant impact on shipping and maintenance expenses. For example, material and labour costs can be 143.25% and 72% more in some areas than in others. We used the Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) model to find the best shipyard location by taking into account the type of maintenance needed, the maximum capacity of each shipyard, and the time each ship was scheduled for maintenance. Simulations of different levels of shipyard use, from 25% to 80%, showed that expenditures might be cut by up to IDR 10.23 billion (8.97%) and sailing costs could be cut by IDR 6.34 billion (23.78%) compared to the 2024 shipyard allocation plan.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Subsidi kapal perintis, pemilihan lokasi galangan, Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) ======================================================== Pioneer vessel subsidy, shipyard location selection, Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP)
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM293 Shipping--Indonesia--Safety measures
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21209-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Rengga Eka Putra Atmanegara
Date Deposited:	07 Aug 2025 06:37
Last Modified:	07 Aug 2025 06:37
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127934

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