Pengaruh Kecepatan Las Dan Jumlah Pass Dalam Pengelasan Pada Struktur Alas Kapal Terhadap Kekuatan Las

Wisesa, Kynan Akbar (2025) Pengaruh Kecepatan Las Dan Jumlah Pass Dalam Pengelasan Pada Struktur Alas Kapal Terhadap Kekuatan Las. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

[thumbnail of 5018211060-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf] Text
5018211060-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version
Restricted to Repository staff only

Download (18MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Pengelasan merupakan metode penyambungan logam yang memiliki peran penting dalam struktur kapal. Parameter pengelasan yang berkontribusi terhadap kualitas sambungan adalah travel speed, yaitu kecepatan gerak elektroda selama proses pengelasan. Selain itu, jumlah pass dalam proses pengelasan juga berperan penting dalam menentukan kualitas sambungan las. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi travel speed dan jumlah pass terhadap kekuatan sambungan las pada struktur alas kapal dengan material ASTM A36 Grade A. Proses pengelasan dilakukan menggunakan metode Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) dengan elektroda E7016 dan variasi parameter mencakup travel speed dan diameter elektroda, yang secara tidak langsung menentukan jumlah pass. Evaluasi kualitas sambungan dilakukan melalui uji tarik (tensile test), uji tekuk (bending test), pengamatan makroetsa, dan uji kekerasan Vickers (Hardness Vickers). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Ultimate Tensile Strength dan Yield Strength tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi ke-1 dan ke-2, masing-masing sebesar 477.72 MPa dan 349.05 MPa. Uji tekuk menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar spesimen bebas dari cacat terbuka, dengan hanya tiga spesimen menunjukkan open defect minor. Hasil makroetsa juga memperlihatkan tidak adanya diskontinuitas visual dan nilai penetrasi yang stabil di kisaran 11.96–12.28 mm. Sementara itu, hasil uji kekerasan Vickers menunjukkan bahwa variasi ke-2 memiliki nilai kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 236.10 HV, sedangkan nilai terendah tercatat pada variasi ke-6 sebesar 177.27 HV. Hal ini mendukung bahwa parameter variasi ke-2 menghasilkan struktur las yang lebih padat dan kuat. Dengan demikian, kombinasi parameter terbaik diperoleh pada variasi ke-2, yaitu dengan travel speed 50–100 mm/min dan diameter elektroda 2.6 mm dengan jumlah pass 7, yang menghasilkan kekuatan mekanik dan visual terbaik.
===========================================================================================================================================
Welding is a metal joining method that plays a critical role in ship structures. One of the welding parameters that significantly influences joint quality is travel speed, which refers to the movement speed of the electrode during the welding process. In addition, the number of passes in the welding process also contributes to the quality of the weld joint. This study aims to investigate the effect of variations in travel speed and number of passes on the strength of welded joints in the bottom structure of ships using ASTM A36 Grade A material. The welding process was carried out using the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) method with E7016 electrodes, and parameter variations included travel speed and electrode diameter, which indirectly determine the number of passes. Weld quality evaluation was conducted through tensile testing, bending testing, macroetching observation, and Vickers hardness testing. The results showed that the highest values of Ultimate Tensile Strength and Yield Strength were obtained in variations 1 and 2, with 477.72 MPa and 349.05 MPa, respectively. Bending test results indicated that most specimens were free from open defects, with only three specimens showing minor open defects. Macroetching analysis showed no visual discontinuities and consistent penetration depth in the range of 11.96–12.28 mm. Meanwhile, Vickers hardness testing revealed that variation 2 had the highest hardness value of 236.10 HV, while the lowest value was recorded in variation 6 at 177.27 HV. This supports the conclusion that the parameters used in variation 2 produced a denser and stronger weld structure. Therefore, the best parameter combination was achieved in variation 2, with a travel speed of 50–100 mm/min and an electrode diameter of 2.6 mm using 7 passes, resulting in the most optimal mechanical and visual weld quality.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: jumlah pass, makroetsa, travel speed, uji kekerasan, uji tarik, uji tekuk, bending test, hardness test, macroetch, number of passes, tensile test, travel speed.
Subjects: V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM156 Naval architecture
Divisions: Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Naval Architecture and Shipbuilding Engineering > 36201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Kynan Akbar Wisesa
Date Deposited: 07 Aug 2025 08:34
Last Modified: 07 Aug 2025 08:34
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/127963

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item