SIMULASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN ENERGI HYBRID KONFIGURASI SERI UNTUK KENDARAAN LISTRIK PLUG-IN HYBRID

Hidayat, Mochamad Yusuf (2025) SIMULASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN ENERGI HYBRID KONFIGURASI SERI UNTUK KENDARAAN LISTRIK PLUG-IN HYBRID. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kendaraan telah menjadi kebutuhan vital masyarakat, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan jumlahnya setiap tahun. Pertumbuhan ini mengakibatkan penurunan cadangan bahan bakar minyak, kenaikan harga, serta peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca dan polusi udara, karena mayoritas kendaraan masih mengandalkan mesin pembakaran dalam (ICE). Salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada kendaraan konvensional adalah penggunaan kendaraan hibrida listrik yang memanfaatkan dua sumber energi, yaitu ICE dan baterai. Efisiensi optimal dapat dicapai melalui strategi pembagian daya yang tepat antara kedua sumber energi tersebut, yang diatur oleh Energy Management System (EMS).

Penelitian ini mengkaji manajemen energi pada kendaraan Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) konfigurasi seri, yang mengandalkan ICE dan baterai sebagai sumber energi. EMS digunakan untuk mengatur proporsi penggunaan energi serta menentukan mode penggerak dan pengisian baterai berdasarkan kebutuhan daya berkendara dan kondisi State of Charge (SOC). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa PHEV dengan EMS memiliki efisiensi energi yang lebih tinggi ketika belum mencapai rentang rendah (SOC <40%) dibandingkan kendaraan konvensional. Efisiensi traksi PHEV mencapai 92% pada SOC 90%, 47% pada SOC 50%, dan 30% pada SOC 20%, dibandingkan dengan kendaraan konvensional mencapai efisiensi 38%. Dari sisi biaya operasional, SOC awal yang tinggi (90%) memberikan penghematan maksimum melalui penggunaan mode listrik penuh. SOC menengah (50%) masih menghasilkan penghematan signifikan melalui kombinasi mode listrik dan ICE yang bekerja pada titik efisiensi optimal. Sebaliknya, SOC rendah (20%) memaksa ICE menyala sejak awal untuk pengisian baterai dan suplai daya, yang berpotensi meningkatkan konsumsi bahan bakar serta biaya operasional hingga melampaui kendaraan konvensional.
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Vehicles have become an essential need for society, as evidenced by their increasing numbers each year. This growth has led to the depletion of oil reserves, rising fuel prices, and higher greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, since most vehicles still rely on internal combustion engines (ICE). One potential solution to reduce dependence on conventional vehicles is the adoption of hybrid electric vehicles, which utilize two energy sources: an ICE and a battery. Optimal efficiency can be achieved through an appropriate power distribution strategy between these two sources, managed by an Energy Management System (EMS).

This study investigates energy management in series-configured Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), which rely on an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and a battery as energy sources. The Energy Management System (EMS) is employed to regulate the proportion of energy utilization, determine the driving mode, and manage battery charging based on driving power demands and the State of Charge (SOC) condition. Simulation results demonstrate that PHEVs equipped with an EMS exhibit higher energy efficiency compared to conventional vehicles when the SOC remains above 40%. The traction efficiency of PHEVs reaches 92% at an SOC of 90%, 47% at an SOC of 50%, and 30% at an SOC of 20%, compared to a traction efficiency of 38% for conventional vehicles. In terms of operational costs, a high initial SOC (90%) yields maximum cost savings through the exclusive use of full-electric mode. A medium SOC (50%) still provides significant savings by combining electric and ICE modes operating at optimal efficiency points. Conversely, a low SOC (20%) requires the ICE to operate from the outset for battery charging and power supply, potentially increasing fuel consumption and operational costs beyond those of conventional vehicles.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Series Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Sistem Manajemen Energi, SOC, Energy Management System, Series Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle, SOC
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL221.5 Hybrid Vehicles. Hybrid cars
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mochamad Yusuf Hidayat
Date Deposited:	20 Aug 2025 06:14
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2025 06:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/128140

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