Security As A Determinant Of E-Banking Adoption: The Case Of The Gambia

Ndow, Musa (2025) Security As A Determinant Of E-Banking Adoption: The Case Of The Gambia. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

The increasing digitalization of financial services has positioned e-banking as a cornerstone of modern financial inclusion across Sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, in The Gambia, this transformation remains constrained by persistent cybersecurity threats, weak regulatory enforcement, and low user awareness. While global literature often treats security as a supporting factor, this study places cybersecurity at the core of understanding e-banking adoption, offering a data-driven and context-specific contribution to the field of Information Systems. Using a qualitative action research approach guided by Kemmis and McTaggart’s model, the study engaged seven participants, including both e-banking customers and bank officials, to examine how security perceptions influence trust and adoption behaviour. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and a phishing-based scenario intervention. The data were analysed thematically, supported by qualitative analysis software, to identify patterns across four core domains: Security Threats, Trust, Regulation, and Adoption Intention. Findings reveal that perceived security threats—particularly phishing, impersonation, stolen cards, and identity theft—significantly undermine user confidence in the Gambia. Trust mediates the relationship between these threats and adoption, while regulation moderates users’ perceived safety through policy enforcement and institutional transparency. The study concludes with a data-informed, ISO 27001-based scenario framework validated by banking experts to strengthen cybersecurity resilience and foster user trust. This research contributes both theoretically and practically by offering a Gambian-tailored security–trust–adoption model, and a replicable framework for other emerging economies seeking to secure digital banking ecosystems.
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Digitalisasi layanan keuangan yang semakin meningkat telah menempatkan e-banking sebagai pilar utama inklusi keuangan modern di kawasan Sub-Sahara Afrika. Namun, di Gambia, transformasi ini masih terhambat oleh ancaman keamanan siber yang terus berlanjut, lemahnya penegakan regulasi, serta rendahnya kesadaran pengguna. Sementara literatur global sering memposisikan keamanan sebagai faktor pendukung, penelitian ini menempatkan keamanan siber sebagai inti dalam memahami adopsi e-banking, sehingga memberikan kontribusi berbasis data dan berorientasi konteks bagi bidang Sistem Informasi. Menggunakan pendekatan penelitian tindakan (action research) kualitatif yang dipandu oleh model Kemmis dan McTaggart, penelitian ini melibatkan tujuh partisipan, terdiri dari nasabah e-banking dan pejabat bank, untuk mengkaji bagaimana persepsi keamanan memengaruhi kepercayaan dan perilaku adopsi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan intervensi skenario berbasis phishing. Analisis data dilakukan secara tematik dengan bantuan perangkat lunak analisis kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi pola pada empat domain utama: Ancaman Keamanan, Kepercayaan, Regulasi, dan Niat Adopsi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ancaman keamanan yang dipersepsikan—khususnya phishing, impersonasi, pencurian kartu, dan pencurian identitas—secara signifikan melemahkan kepercayaan pengguna di Gambia. Kepercayaan berperan sebagai mediator dalam hubungan antara ancaman keamanan dan adopsi, sementara regulasi memoderasi persepsi keamanan melalui penegakan kebijakan dan transparansi institusi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kerangka skenario berbasis ISO 27001 yang divalidasi oleh pakar perbankan untuk memperkuat ketahanan keamanan siber dan meningkatkan kepercayaan pengguna. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dan praktis melalui model keamanan–kepercayaan–adopsi yang disesuaikan dengan konteks Gambia, serta kerangka yang dapat direplikasi oleh negara berkembang lainnya dalam upaya mengamankan ekosistem perbankan digital

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	E-banking, cybersecurity, adoption, trust, action research, The Gambia.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Information System > 59101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Musa Ndow
Date Deposited:	24 Nov 2025 09:06
Last Modified:	24 Nov 2025 09:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/128822

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