Ariska, Ariska (2026) Strategi Pemilihan Alternatif Co-Firing Biomassa Pltu Batu Bara Dengan Metode Ahp-Promethee Dan Perhitungan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Untuk Perdagangan Karbon. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Indonesia berkomitmen mengurangi emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) sesuai dengan Perjanjian Paris 2015, salah satunya melalui mekanisme perdagangan karbon. Pemanfaatan biomassa dalam teknologi co-firing di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) menjadi salah satu strategi penting dalam mendukung program energi bersih. PLTU Bengkayang 2 × 50 MW telah menerapkan co-firing biomassa, namun pemilihan jenis biomassa yang optimal masih menjadi tantangan, mengingat perlunya kesesuaian dengan karakteristik teknis boiler Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), ketersediaan bahan baku, serta dampak lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan biomassa terbaik untuk co-firing di PLTU Bengkayang menggunakan pendekatan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). Alternatif biomassa yang dianalisis meliputi tandan kosong kelapa sawit (tankos), woodchip, cangkang sawit, dan serbuk gergaji (sawdust). Kriteria dan subkriteria keberlanjutan ditentukan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara dengan para ahli, melibatkan responden dari kalangan akademisi, praktisi PLTU, pakar energi terbarukan, dan pihak manajemen dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kinerja operasi, ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan. Berdasarkan Hasil pembobotan kriteria menggunakan AHP menunjukkan aspek lingkungan 47,07% sebagai kriteria paling dominan, diikuti sosial 19,86%, kinerja operasi 22,15%, dan ekonomi 10.92%. Selanjutnya perangkingan PROMETHEE I dan II, diperoleh bahwa peringkat pertama sawdust dengan Net Flow -0,125, peringkat kedua cangkang sawit dengan Net Flow -0,2024, peringkat ketiga tankos dengan Net Flow -0,4727 dan peringkat ke empat woodchip dengan Net Flow -0,6423. Berdasarkan data operasional Januari–Oktober 2025, penggunaan 8.923,24 ton biomassa sawdust menghasilkan 150,17 ton CO₂eq dan batu bara 525.732,46 ton menghasilkan 842.625,39 ton CO₂eq. Secara keseluruhan emisi karbon GRK yang dihasilkan sebesar 842.625,39 ton CO₂eq. Dengan PTBAE-PU sebesar 758.024,37 ton CO₂eq, maka terjadi defisit emisi sebesar 84.751,19 ton CO₂eq pada perdagangan karbon.
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Indonesia is committed to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in accordance with the 2015 Paris Agreement, one of which is implemented through carbon trading mechanisms. The utilization of biomass in co-firing technology at coal-fired power plants (CFPP) has become a key strategy in supporting clean energy programs. The Bengkayang 2 × 50 MW coal-fired power plant has implemented biomass co-firing; however, determining the optimal type of biomass remains a challenge due to the need to ensure compatibility with the technical characteristics of the Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler, feedstock availability, and environmental impacts. This study aims to identify the most suitable biomass for co-firing at PLTU Bengkayang using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). The biomass alternatives analyzed include empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFB), woodchips, palm kernel shells (PKS), and sawdust. Sustainability criteria and sub-criteria were established through a literature review and expert interviews, involving respondents from academia, coal-fired power plant practitioners, renewable energy experts, and management personnel. These criteria encompass operational performance, economic, social, and environmental aspects. The results of the AHP-based criteria weighting indicate that the environmental aspect is the most dominant criterion with a weight of 47.07%, followed by operational performance at 22.15%, social aspects at 19.86%, and economic aspects at 10.92%. Furthermore, the PROMETHEE I and II ranking results show that sawdust ranks first with a net flow value of −0.125, followed by palm kernel shells in second place with a net flow of −0.2024, empty fruit bunches in third place with a net flow of −0.4727, and woodchips in fourth place with a net flow of −0.6423. Based on operational data from January to October 2025, the utilization of 8,923.24 tons of sawdust biomass generated 150.17 tons of CO₂eq emissions, while the combustion of 525,732.46 tons of coal resulted in 842,625.39 tons of CO₂eq emissions. Overall, the total GHG emissions amounted to 842,625.39 tons of CO₂eq. With an allowable emission allocation (PTBAE-PU) of 758,024.37 tons of CO₂eq, an emission deficit of 84,751.19 tons of CO₂eq occurred within the carbon trading mechanism.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AHP-PROMETHEE, Co-firing, PLTU Bengkayang, Emisi GRK, AHP-PROMETHEE, Co-firing, Biomass, PLTU Bengkayang, GHG Emissions |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD171.75 Climate change mitigation T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD899.S68 Steam power plants |
| Divisions: | Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 78201-System And Technology Innovation |
| Depositing User: | Ariska . |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jan 2026 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jan 2026 08:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/129387 |
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