Optimal Control Design For Power System Stabilizers And Virtual Inertia Using Grey Wolf Optimization

Mashiku, Shija Fukku (2025) Optimal Control Design For Power System Stabilizers And Virtual Inertia Using Grey Wolf Optimization. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in modern power systems has resulted in a significant reduction of the system inertia, leading to frequency instability, the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), and poorly damped electromechanical oscillations after disturbances. Current control methods, for instance Power System Stabilizers (PSS), are useful in enhancing oscillation damping, but they are insufficient for frequency stability when confronted with low-inertia power systems. The current work introduces a unified design approach including the integrated approach of Power System Stabilizers and Virtual Inertia Control (VIC), in order to improve its performance in a Multi-Machine Power System (MMPS) applied by Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS). For practical validation, we take the Sulselrabar interconnected power system of Indonesia with 46 buses and 16 synchronous generators as the test system. High- and low-inertia operating conditions are addressed, in order to represent the renewable-rich grid environments. Our coordinated PSS–VIC–FESS system parameters are optimized by using the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) technique with the Integral of Time-weighted Absolute Error (ITAE) as an objective function. Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) is used as the benchmark approach for comparison. System characteristics are studied by running nonlinear time-domain simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and analyze frequency deviation, frequency nadir, RoCoF, rotor angle response, settling time, and ITAE coefficients. Simulation analysis shows that the adjusted PSS, which enhances the damping of oscillation significantly, is unable to counterbalance the amount of frequency instability under a low-inertia setting, where frequency deviations can reach approximately 0.32p.u and settling times exceed 5s. VIC-FESS incorporation imparts a strong synthetic inertia which minimizes the frequency nadir and RoCoF. Overall, coordinated PSS–VIC–FESS strategy delivers superior performance by reducing settling time to approximately 1–2s and achieving ITAE reductions exceeding 90% compared to the no-PSS case. In addition, optimized tuning achieved by GWO solutions is proven to be the best on both convergence speed and dynamic response quality compared with a HHO-based solution. These results validate the role of coordinated damping enhancement and virtual inertia supply in maintaining stability in renewable dominated power systems. It provides a sound and useful framework to optimize dynamic performance of modern multi-machine low-inertia power systems.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Power System Stabilizer, Virtual Inertia Control, Flywheel Energy Storage, Wind Power Plant generation, Grey Wolf optimization
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1010 Electric power system stability. Electric filters, Passive.
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Shija Fukku Mashiku
Date Deposited:	22 Jan 2026 03:18
Last Modified:	22 Jan 2026 03:18
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130054

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