Pengaruh Fraksi Mol Dopant (Cu-Ni-Zn) Dan pH Proses Kopresipitasi Terhadap Sifat Magnetik Barium M-Hexaferrite (BaM)

Putra, Akhtar Ghathfansyah (2026) Pengaruh Fraksi Mol Dopant (Cu-Ni-Zn) Dan pH Proses Kopresipitasi Terhadap Sifat Magnetik Barium M-Hexaferrite (BaM). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan pengembangan material penyerap radar (Radar Absorb Material/RAM) yang memiliki nilai magnetisasi saturasi tinggi dan koersivitas rendah. Barium M-hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉) merupakan kandidat material magnetik yang potensial untuk aplikasi RAM, namun sifat alaminya sebagai hard magnet dengan nilai koersivitas tinggi masih menjadi kendala. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan modifikasi sifat magnetik melalui doping ion logam serta pengaturan parameter sintesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi pH terhadap karakteristik barium M-hexaferrite serta pengaruh fraksi mol doping (Cu–Ni–Zn) terhadap sifat kemagnetannya. Variasi fraksi mol doping yang digunakan adalah x = 0.2, 0.4, dan 0.6 dengan variasi pH sebesar 9, 10, dan 11. Sampel disintesis menggunakan metode kopresipitasi karena mampu menghasilkan material dengan homogenitas yang baik dan ukuran partikel yang relatif halus, kemudian disintering pada suhu tinggi untuk memperoleh fasa kristalin BaFe₁₂O₁₉ yang stabil. Karakterisasi struktur kristal dan fasa dilakukan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) untuk mengidentifikasi fasa yang terbentuk, menentukan parameter kisi, ukuran kristalit, serta fraksi fasa BaM. Morfologi dan distribusi ukuran partikel dianalisis menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Sifat magnetik yang meliputi magnetisasi saturasi (Ms) dan koersivitas (Hc) dianalisis menggunakan Permagraph dengan pendekatan Law of Approach to Saturation (LAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pH memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan persentase fasa BaFe₁₂O₁₉ yang terbentuk, yaitu secara berturut-turut sebesar 10%, 39%, dan 57%. Pada fraksi mol doping 0.2 diperoleh nilai Ms sebesar 38.8 emu/g, Mr 23.5 emu/g, dan Hc 2005 Oe. Pada fraksi mol 0.4 diperoleh Ms 28.2 emu/g, Mr 15.2 emu/g, dan Hc 685 Oe. Pada fraksi mol 0,6 diperoleh Ms 33.3 emu/g, Mr 10.29 emu/g, dan Hc 128 Oe. Metode sintesis dengan pH 11 merupakan kondisi paling optimal karena menghasilkan persentase fasa BaFe₁₂O₁₉ tertinggi dan doping Cu–Ni–Zn berhasil menurunkan koersivitas secara signifikan sehingga memenuhi kriteria material penyerap radar.
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This research is motivated by the need to develop radar absorbing materials (RAM) that possess high saturation magnetization and low coercivity. Barium M-hexaferrite (BaFe₁₂O₁₉) is a promising magnetic material candidate for RAM applications; however, its intrinsic nature as a hard magnetic material with high coercivity remains a major limitation. Therefore, modification of its magnetic properties through metal-ion doping and optimization of synthesis parameters is required. This study aims to analyze the effect of pH variation on the characteristics of barium M-hexaferrite as well as the influence of the molar fraction of (Cu–Ni–Zn) doping on its magnetic properties. The molar fractions of doping used were x = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6, with pH variations of 9, 10, and 11.The samples were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, which is capable of producing materials with good homogeneity and relatively fine particle sizes, followed by high-temperature sintering to obtain a stable crystalline BaFe₁₂O₁₉ phase. Crystal structure and phase characterization were carried out using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to identify the formed phases, determine lattice parameters, crystallite size, and the phase fraction of BaM. Morphology and particle size distribution were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Magnetic properties, including saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc), were analyzed using a Permagraph with the Law of Approach to Saturation (LAS) method.The results show that increasing pH has a significant effect on enhancing the percentage of the BaFe₁₂O₁₉ phase formed, reaching successive values of 10%, 39%, and 57%. At a molar fraction of 0.2, the obtained magnetic properties were Ms = 38.8 emu/g, Mr = 23.5 emu/g, and Hc = 2005 Oe. At a molar fraction of 0.4, Ms = 28.2 emu/g, Mr = 15.2 emu/g, and Hc = 685 Oe were achieved. At a molar fraction of 0.6, Ms = 33.3 emu/g, Mr = 10.29 emu/g, and Hc = 128 Oe were obtained. The synthesis method at pH 11 was found to be the most optimal condition, as it produced the highest percentage of the BaFe₁₂O₁₉ phase, and Cu–Ni–Zn doping successfully reduced the coercivity significantly, thereby fulfilling the criteria for radar absorbing material applications.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BaM, Dopant, Fraksi, pH, RAM,BaM, Dopant, Fraction, pH, RAM
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC765 Magnetic materials U Military Science > U Military Science (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Akhtar Ghathfansyah Putra
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2026 00:04
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2026 00:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130117

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