Analisis Pengaruh Kurkumin dan Na₂HPO₄ Pada Hidrogel Injeksi Berbasis Ha–Alginat Terhadap Struktur Morfologi, Sifat Fisik, Biologis dan Mekanik

Mastawan, Muhammad Zul Arsyi (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Kurkumin dan Na₂HPO₄ Pada Hidrogel Injeksi Berbasis Ha–Alginat Terhadap Struktur Morfologi, Sifat Fisik, Biologis dan Mekanik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Defect tulang akibat osteoporosis, trauma, dan tindakan bedah ortopedi membutuhkan biomaterial injektabel dengan waktu gelasi dan setting time terkontrol, stabilitas awal yang baik, serta bioaktivitas untuk mendukung regenerasi tulang dan pencegahan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penambahan kurkumin dan Na₂HPO₄ pada biomaterial injektabel berbasis hidrogel komposit hydroxyapatite (HA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), Sodium Alginat, dan glucono delta-lactone (GDL). Karakterisasi struktur dan morfologi dilakukan menggunakan SEM-EDX, XRD, dan FTIR, yang menunjukkan ukuran pori berkisar antara 298–625 μm dengan porositas 15,53–24,36%. Selanjutnya, pengujian sifat fisik meliputi gelation time, setting time, swelling, degradasi, shrinkage, viskositas, serta performa injeksi. Waktu gelasi berada pada rentang 7–25 menit, dengan kombinasi kurkumin dan Na₂HPO₄ menghasilkan waktu gelasi menengah sebesar 12–17 menit yang sesuai untuk aplikasi biomaterial injektabel, sementara setting time berada pada kisaran 19–25 jam. Pengujian swelling selama 14 hari menunjukkan nilai akhir sebesar 8,40 ± 0,13 wt.% hingga 13,79 ± 0,33 wt.%, sedangkan uji degradasi menunjukkan degradasi parsial yang stabil hingga hari ke-14 tanpa indikasi keruntuhan struktur. Shrinkage volumetrik meningkat bertahap dengan nilai akhir 9,43 ± 0,04 vt.% hingga 11,11 ± 0,04 vt.%. Seluruh sampel menunjukkan performa injeksi yang baik tanpa phase separation. Evaluasi sifat biologis dilakukan melalui uji viabilitas sel (MTT assay) dan uji aktivitas antibakteri, yang menunjukkan viabilitas sel di atas 85% serta aktivitas antibakteri dengan zona hambat maksimum 13,2 mm terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan 9,1 mm terhadap Escherichia coli. Pengujian sifat mekanik melalui uji tekan menunjukkan peningkatan kekuatan tekan seiring waktu curing, dari 0,80–1,26 MPa pada 6 jam menjadi 5,65–14,93 MPa pada 24 jam, dan mencapai 9,14–16,96 MPa pada 72 jam. Secara keseluruhan, hidrogel komposit ini berpotensi sebagai biomaterial injektabel bioaktif untuk aplikasi regenerasi tulang.
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Bone defects caused by osteoporosis, trauma, and orthopedic surgical procedures require injectable biomaterials with controlled gelation and setting times, good initial stability, and bioactivity to support bone regeneration and prevent infection. This study aims to analyze the effects of adding curcumin and Na₂HPO₄ to an injectable biomaterial based on a composite hydrogel of hydroxyapatite (HA), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), Sodium Alginate, and glucono delta-lactone (GDL). Morphological and structural characterization was performed using SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR, revealing pore sizes ranging from 298 to 625 µm with porosity values of 15.53–24.36%. Furthermore, physical property evaluations included gelation time, setting time, swelling behavior, degradation, shrinkage, viscosity, and injectability performance. The gelation time ranged from 7 to 25 minutes, with the combination of curcumin and Na₂HPO₄ producing an intermediate gelation time of 12–17 minutes, which is suitable for injectable biomaterial applications, while the setting time ranged from 19 to 25 hours. Swelling tests over 14 days showed final values of 8.40 ± 0.13 wt.% to 13.79 ± 0.33 wt.%, whereas degradation tests indicated partial and stable degradation up to day 14 without any signs of structural collapse. Volumetric shrinkage increased gradually, reaching final values between 9.43 ± 0.04 vol.% and 11.11 ± 0.04 vol.%. All samples exhibited good injectability without phase separation. Biological properties were evaluated through cell viability (MTT assay) and antibacterial activity tests, demonstrating cell viability above 85% and antibacterial activity with maximum inhibition zones of 13.2 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 9.1 mm against Escherichia coli. Mechanical property evaluation through compressive strength testing showed an increase in strength with curing time, from 0.80–1.26 MPa at 6 hours to 5.65–14.93 MPa at 24 hours, reaching 9.14–16.96 MPa at 72 hours. Overall, this composite hydrogel shows strong potential as a bioactive injectable biomaterial for bone regeneration applications.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioaktivitas antibakteri; Hidrogel injeksi; Kurkumin; Na2HPO4; Regenerasi tulang
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > Polymerization R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > R Medicine (General) > R857.M3 Biomedical materials. Biomedical materials--Testing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Zul Arsyi Mastawan
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2026 01:59
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2026 01:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130162

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