Analisis Pemilihan Bahan Baku Co-Firing Biomassa Pada PLTU Berbasis Benefit - Cost Risk Analysis dengan Pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process

Salsabila, Disya Berliani (2025) Analisis Pemilihan Bahan Baku Co-Firing Biomassa Pada PLTU Berbasis Benefit - Cost Risk Analysis dengan Pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dorongan transisi energi di Indonesia telah menjadi prioritas nasional seiring dengan komitmen untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) sebesar 29% pada tahun 2030. Salah satu strategi utama dalam transisi energi adalah penerapan co-firing biomassa di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU), yang melibatkan pencampuran biomassa dengan batubara untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dan meningkatkan penggunaan energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini menganalisis bahan baku biomassa co-firing yang paling tepat berdasarkan kategori kriteria benefit, cost, dan risk. Alternatif bahan baku yang akan menjadi perbandingan adalah sawdust, sekam padi¸ dan batubara (tanpa co¬-firing) menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Life Cycle Assessment untuk identifikasi peluang perbaikan pada alternatif biomassa terpilih. Hasil AHP menunjukkan urutan prioritas sawdust > sekam padi > batubara. Nilai agregasi menunjukkan Benefite sawdust tertinggi (±0,51) dengan Cost ±0,44 sehingga BCR sawdust tertinggi (±1,165); tingkat Risk sawdust moderat (±0,39), sehingga sawdust ditetapkan sebagai alternatif paling tepat. Hasil LCA pada alternatif terpilih menunjukkan total single score ≈33,83 μPt, didominasi kategori Human Health (≈89%) dengan hotspot utama proses “main steam, from boiler” (≈67%), diikuti coal handling (≈23%) dan sistem sirkulasi air (≈10%). Mengacu pada temuan tersebut, dilakukan uji skenario perbaikan usulan program Water & Steam Treatment Improvement yang bertujuan untuk percepatan engine dari ±24 jam menjadi ±6 jam, penurunan kebutuhan firing/diesel, penghematan bahan kimia dan air demin, serta penurunan kontribusi single score pada proses terkait pembakaran dan perlakuan air.
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Energy transition in Indonesia has become a national priority in line with the commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 29% by 2030. One of the main strategies in energy transition is the implementation of biomass co-firing in Steam Power Plants (PLTU), which involves mixing biomass with coal to reduce carbon emissions and increase the use of renewable energy. This study analyzes the most appropriate co-firing biomass feedstock based on the criteria of benefit, cost, and risk. The alternative feedstocks to be compared are sawdust, rice husks, and coal (without co-firing) using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Life Cycle Assessment methods to identify opportunities for improvement in the selected biomass alternatives. The AHP results show the priority order of sawdust > rice husks > coal. The aggregate value shows the highest benefit for sawdust (±0.51) with a cost of ±0.44, resulting in the highest BCR for sawdust (±1.165); the risk level for sawdust is moderate (±0.39), so sawdust is determined to be the most appropriate alternative. The LCA results for the selected alternative show a total single score of ≈33.83 μPt, dominated by the Human Health category (≈89%) with the main hotspot being the “main steam, from boiler” process (≈67%), followed by coal handling (≈23%) and the water circulation system (≈10%). Referring to these findings, a scenario test was conducted on the proposed Water & Steam Treatment Improvement program, which aims to accelerate the engine from ±24 hours to ±6 hours, reduce firing/diesel requirements, save chemicals and demineralized water, and reduce the single score contribution to processes related to combustion and water treatment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	co-firing, benefit cost risk analysis, transisi energi, biomassa, analytic hierarchy process, LCA,energy transition, biomass
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA9.64 Fuzzy logic Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA248_Fuzzy Sets Q Science > QC Physics > QC866.5 Climatology--Forecasting.
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Disya Berliani Salsabila
Date Deposited:	26 Jan 2026 04:58
Last Modified:	26 Jan 2026 05:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130299

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