Analisis Dinamuka Muka Air Tanah Terhadap Kondisi Meteorologis Musiman Dengan Metode Integrasi Profiling Resistivitas Geolistrik 2D Wenner dan ADMT (Studi Kasus: Kota Surabaya)

Nalibrata, Laksmita Rosyidah Dyah (2025) Analisis Dinamuka Muka Air Tanah Terhadap Kondisi Meteorologis Musiman Dengan Metode Integrasi Profiling Resistivitas Geolistrik 2D Wenner dan ADMT (Studi Kasus: Kota Surabaya). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kota Surabaya, sebagai salah satu kota terbesar di Indonesia, menghadapi tantangan besar terkait dengan pengelolaan sumber daya air tanah akibat laju urbanisasi dan industrialisasi yang pesat. Pengambilan air tanah yang berlebihan ditambah dengan faktor alami lainnya seperti kondisi geologi dalam beberapa tahun terakhir menyebabkan penurunan muka tanah yang dapat berdampak pada stabilitas infrastruktur perkotaan. Penelitian ini menganalisis dinamika muka air tanah tahun 2022 hingga 2025 di dua sumur kontrol (Gayungan dan Tandes) kota Surabaya dengan mengintegrasikan metode geolistrik 2D Wenner dan ADMT terhadap data meteorologi dan pasang surut. Pengukuran GNSS statik juga dilakukan untuk kalibrasi elevasi muka air tanah terhadap Sistem Referensi Geospasial Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan korelasi signifikan antara curah hujan dan fluktuasi muka air tanah, dengan kedalaman berkisar antara −190 cm hingga −140 cm saat puncak hujan, dan di bawah −250 cm pada periode kering. Di Tandes, korelasi r = 0,36; p < 0,05, dengan kenaikan muka air tanah yang signifikan pada musim hujan, sementara di Gayungan korelasi lebih lemah, r = 0,26; p > 0,05, dengan fluktuasi stabil. Suhu dan kelembaban memengaruhi pengisian ulang air tanah melalui evapotranspirasi, sementara pasang surut tidak berpengaruh karena lokasi sumur yang jauh dari pantai. Survei geolistrik menunjukkan Tandes memiliki permeabilitas tinggi dan pengisian ulang cepat (2,5–10 Ω·m pada musim hujan, >10 Ω·m pada musim kemarau), sedangkan Gayungan lebih stabil dengan akuifer semi tertekan. Pembacaan millivolt ADMT berkisar 0–43 mV di Tandes dan 0–50 mV di Gayungan pada musim kemarau, menunjukkan konduktivitas rendah. Kondisi ini mengindikasikan bahwa wilayah dengan akuifer dangkal dan permeabel seperti Tandes lebih rentan mengalami fluktuasi kandungan air tanah yang tajam antara musim hujan dan kemarau, yang berpotensi mempengaruhi kestabilan struktur tanah. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mengenai pengaruh kondisi meteorologi terhadap fluktuasi muka air tanah, di mana hasil survei geolistrik mengindikasikan perbedaan signifikan antar musim serta menunjukkan adanya perubahan karakteristik bawah permukaan yang berimplikasi terhadap stabilitas bangunan dan infrastruktur di Kota Surabaya.
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Surabaya, one of the largest cities in Indonesia, faces significant challenges related to groundwater resource management due to its rapid urbanization and industrialization. Excessive groundwater extraction, coupled with other natural factors such as geological conditions, has led to land subsidence in recent years, which can impact the stability of urban infrastructure. This study analyzes the dynamics of groundwater levels from 2022 to 2025 in two control wells (Gayungan and Tandes) in Surabaya by integrating the 2D Wenner geoelectric method and ADMT with meteorological and tidal data. Static GNSS measurements were also conducted to calibrate the groundwater level elevation against the Indonesian Geospatial Reference System. The analysis results show a significant correlation between rainfall and groundwater level fluctuations, with depths ranging from −190 cm to −140 cm during peak rainfall and below −250 cm during dry periods. In Tandes, the correlation r = 0.36; p < 0.05, with a significant increase in groundwater levels during the rainy season, while in Gayungan the correlation is weaker, r = 0.26; p > 0.05, with stable fluctuations. Temperature and humidity influence groundwater recharge through evapotranspiration, while tides have no effect due to the well's remote location from the coast. Geoelectric surveys indicate that Tandes has high permeability and rapid recharge (2.5–10 Ω m in the rainy season, >10 Ω m in the dry season), while Gayungan is more stable with a semi-confined aquifer. ADMT millivolt readings range from 0–43 mV in Tandes and 0–50 mV in Gayungan during the dry season, indicating low conductivity. This condition indicates that areas with shallow and permeable aquifers such as Tandes are more susceptible to sharp fluctuations in groundwater content between the rainy and dry seasons, which can potentially affect the stability of soil structure. This study provides insight into the influence of meteorological conditions on groundwater level fluctuations, where the results of the geoelectric survey indicate significant differences between seasons and show changes in subsurface characteristics that have implications for the stability of buildings and infrastructure in the city of Surabaya.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air tanah, Meteorologi, Resistivitas, Surabaya Groundwater Level, Meteorology, Resistivity, Surabaya
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QC Physics > QC871 Meteorology--Observations.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Geomatics Engineering > 29101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Laksmita Rosyidah Dyah Nalibrata
Date Deposited:	28 Jan 2026 04:43
Last Modified:	28 Jan 2026 04:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130344

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