Sijabat, Richard Pande (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Massa Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) Dari Limbah Cangkang Buah Keluak Pada Komposit GNS/ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4 Untuk Degradasi Limbah Methylene Blue. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Limbah cair industri tekstil mengandung polutan organik Methylene blue (MB) yang memiliki stabilitas kimia tinggi dan berbahaya bagi ekosistem perairan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan material fotokatalis komposit heterojunction ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4 yang dimodifikasi dengan penambahan Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) dari limbah cangkang buah keluak untuk meningkatkan efisiensi mekanisme fotokatalitik dalam mendegradasi Methylene blue (MB) di bawah cahaya tampak. GNS disintesis dengan metode Two Stage Pyrolysis dan dikonfirmasi melalui pengujian BET, XRD, SEM-EDX, serta FTIR. Sementara itu, komposit ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/GNS juga dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, SEM-EDX, dan FTIR untuk memastikan strukturnya. Pengujian aktivitas fotokatalitik dilakukan menggunakan lampu LED 36 Watt selama 60 menit dengan variasi massa GNS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan GNS mampu meningkatkan performa fotokatalis, dengan ariasi penambahan massa GNS sebesar 0,02 gram (2wt%) menghasilkan efisiensi degradasi tertinggi mencapai 97,99%, lebih unggul dibandingkan variasi 2,5wt% (96,90%) dan 3wt% (96,55%). Penurunan performa fotokatalitik pada komposit diakibatkan penambahan Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) dalam jumlah besar disebabkan oleh Penambahan grafena berlebih menurunkan efisiensi fotokatalitik akibat shielding effect yang menghalangi eksitasi cahaya ke semikonduktor. Selain itu, tumpukan grafena menutupi situs aktif permukaan, sehingga mengurangi produksi radikal reaktif yang dibutuhkan untuk mendegradasi polutan. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa proses degradasi mengikuti kinetika reaksi orde satu dengan nilai korelasi rata-rata (R2) sebesar 0,92. Pemanfaatan limbah keluak sebagai prekursor GNS terbukti efektif sebagai solusi material inovatif untuk mendegradasi air limbah Methylene blue (MB).
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Textile industry wastewater contains Methylene blue (MB) organic pollutants, which are highly chemically stable and harmful to aquatic ecosystems. This study developed a heterojunction ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst material modified with the addition of Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) from keluak fruit shell waste to improve the efficiency of the photocatalytic mechanism in degrading Methylene blue (MB) under visible light. GNS was synthesized using the Two Stage Pyrolysis method and confirmed through BET, XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR testing. Meanwhile, the ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4/GNS composite was also characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR to confirm its structure. Photocatalytic activity testing was conducted using a 36-watt LED lamp for 60 minutes with varying masses of GNS. The results showed that the addition of GNS improved the photocatalytic performance, with a GNS mass addition of 0.02 grams (2wt%) producing the highest degradation efficiency of 97.99%, superior to the 2.5wt% (96.90%) and 3wt% (96.55%) variations. The decrease in photocatalytic performance in the composite was caused by the addition of large amounts of Graphene Nanosheet (GNS) because the addition of excess graphene reduced photocatalytic efficiency due to the shielding effect that blocked light excitation to the semiconductor. In addition, the graphene stack covered the active surface sites, thereby reducing the production of reactive radicals needed to degrade pollutants. Data analysis shows that the degradation process follows first-order reaction kinetics with an average correlation value (R2) of 0.92. The use of cashew waste as a GNS precursor has proven to be an effective innovative material solution for degrading Methylene blue (MB) wastewater.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Cangkang Keluak, Graphene Nanosheet, Fotokatalis, Methylene blue, Graphene Nanosheet, Keluak Shell, Methylene blue, Photocatalyst. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Richard Pande Sijabat |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jan 2026 01:56 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jan 2026 01:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130403 |
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