Evaluasi Sinergisme Ekstrak Ikan Gabus, Kayu Manis, dan Kulit Petai Berdasarkan Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Antidiabetes

Azmi, Zufar Azarial (2026) Evaluasi Sinergisme Ekstrak Ikan Gabus, Kayu Manis, dan Kulit Petai Berdasarkan Kapasitas Antioksidan dan Antidiabetes. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Hiperglikemia berperan penting dalam perkembangan diabetes melitus tipe 2 melalui pembentukan Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) yang memicu stres oksidatif dan kerusakan sel β‑pankreas. Penanganan kondisi ini dapat dilakukan melalui mekanisme antioksidan maupun penghambatan enzim α‑glukosidase. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai albumin ikan gabus, kayu manis, dan kulit pod petai terbatas pada ekstrak tunggal, padahal kombinasi ekstrak berpotensi menimbulkan sinergisme antar senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kapasitas antioksidan dan aktivitas antidiabetes dari kombinasi ketiga ekstrak tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas antioksidan tertinggi pada ekstrak tunggal ditunjukkan oleh kulit pod petai (P) sebesar 0.485 ± 0.001 mg VCEAC/mg ekstrak, sedangkan pada ekstrak kombinasi kulit pod petai dan ikan gabus (PG) memberikan nilai tertinggi sebesar 0.485 ± 0.001 mg VCEAC/mg ekstrak. Semua kombinasi ekstrak menunjukkan adanya sinergisme, dengan sinergisme tertinggi pada kombinasi kayu manis, kulit pod petai, dan ikan gabus (MPG) sebesar 35% di atas nilai teoritis. Pada penghambatan enzim α‑glukosidase, ekstrak tunggal kulit pod petai (P) menunjukkan aktivitas tertinggi sebesar 98,49%, sementara kombinasi kulit pod petai dan ikan gabus (PG) mencapai 99,98%. Beberapa kombinasi juga menunjukkan sinergisme, dengan nilai tertinggi pada kombinasi MPG sebesar 43% di atas nilai teoritis. Temuan ini menegaskan potensi kombinasi ekstrak ikan gabus, kayu manis, dan kulit pod petai sebagai kandidat bahan alam untuk terapi komplementer diabetes melitus tipe 2.
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Hyperglycemia plays a crucial role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus through the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which trigger oxidative stress and damage pancreatic β‑cells. Management of this condition can be achieved via antioxidant mechanisms and inhibition of the α‑glucosidase enzyme. Previous studies on snakehead fish albumin, cinnamon, and petai pod peel were limited to single extracts, whereas combinations of extracts may provide synergistic effects among bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and antidiabetic activity of combined extracts. The results showed that the highest antioxidant capacity among single extracts was observed in petai pod peel (P) at 0.485 ± 0.001 mg VCEAC/mg extract, while the combination of petai pod peel and snakehead fish (PG) exhibited the highest value at 0.485 ± 0.001 mg VCEAC/mg extract. All extract combinations demonstrated synergism, with the strongest effect found in the combination of cinnamon, petai pod peel, and snakehead fish (MPG), which was 35% above its theoretical value. In α‑glucosidase inhibition assays, the single petai pod peel extract (P) showed the highest activity at 98.49%, whereas the PG combination reached 99.98%. Several combinations also exhibited synergism, with the highest observed in MPG at 43% above its theoretical value. These findings highlight the potential of combining snakehead fish, cinnamon, and petai pod peel extracts as natural candidates for complementary therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Antidiabetes, Antioksidan, Ekstrak Ikan Gabus, Ekstrak Kayu Manis, Ekstrak Kulit Pod Petai, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Cinnamon Extract, Petai Skin Extract, Snakehead Fish Extract
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Zufar Azarial Azmi
Date Deposited:	26 Jan 2026 10:02
Last Modified:	26 Jan 2026 10:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130464

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