Kusuma, Satria Indra (2026) Pengaruh Artificial Agregat Clay Fly Ash Sebagai Agregat Kasar Terhadap Kekuatan Beton Ringan Berkelanjutan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Inovasi terkait dengan alternatif agregat ramah lingkungan sangat gencar dilakukan guna menciptakan material beton yang ringan, memiliki kekuatan tinggi, dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satunya adalah dengan substitusi agregat dengan agregat buatan expanded clay. Expanded clay, salah satu agregat buatan yang paling banyak di teliti karena memiliki berat yang ringan dan material yang mudah didapatkan yang diperoleh melalui proses pembakaran tanah liat pada suhu 900–1200°C hingga membentuk material berpori dengan massa lebih ringan. Kabupaten Tulungagung memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber tanah liat untuk produksi artificial aggregate expanded clay.. Penggunaan expanded clay mampu menurunkan berat jenis beton, meskipun dengan konsekuensi penurunan kuat tekan. Karenanya diperlukan penelitian artificial aggregate clay yang memiliki kuat tekan lebih tinggi. Fly ash terbukti berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai material tambahan untuk memperkuat kekuatan clay. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengembangan agregat buatan berbasis expanded clay dengan variable penambahan fly ash sebesar 0%, 2%, 4%, dan 6%. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan fly ash pada lempung meningkatkan kuat tekan agregat buatan (ACFA), dengan peningkatan maksimum sebesar 64% dibandingkan agregat kontrol (CTL) pada campuran FA4. Penggunaan ACFA sebagai substitusi agregat kasar menyebabkan kuat tekan beton menurun seiring meningkatnya kadar substitusi, dengan penurunan mencapai 45% pada beton BA100. Berat volume beton juga mengalami penurunan hingga 7% pada BA100 dibandingkan beton kontrol. Selain itu, kuat lentur beton menurun hingga 33% pada beton dengan substitusi ACFA penuh.
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Innovations in environmentally friendly aggregate alternatives have been intensively developed to produce lightweight concrete with adequate mechanical performance and improved sustainability. One such approach is the substitution of natural aggregates with artificial aggregates in the form of expanded clay. Expanded clay is one of the most widely studied artificial aggregates due to its low density and the availability of raw materials, which are produced through the firing of clay at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200°C to form a porous and lightweight material. Tulungagung Regency has significant potential as a source of clay for the production of expanded clay artificial aggregates. The use of expanded clay is known to reduce the density of concrete; however, it is commonly accompanied by a reduction in compressive strength. Therefore, further research is required to develop artificial clay aggregates with improved mechanical properties. Fly ash has been proven to have potential as an additive material to enhance the strength of clay-based aggregates. This study investigates the development of expanded clay–based artificial aggregates with fly ash addition levels of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. The results indicate that the incorporation of fly ash into clay significantly improves the compressive strength of artificial aggregates (ACFA), with a maximum increase of 64% compared to the control aggregate (CTL) at the FA4 mixture. The use of ACFA as a substitute for coarse aggregate resulted in a decrease in concrete compressive strength as the substitution level increased, with a reduction of up to 45% observed in the BA100 concrete mixture. The concrete density decreased by up to 7% at BA100 compared to the control concrete. In addition, the flexural strength of concrete decreased by up to 33% with full ACFA substitution.
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