Naufal, Muhammad Riawan (2026) Desain dan Implementasi Model Predictive Control untuk Trajectory Tracking Hexacopter. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Hexacopter merupakan salah satu jenis Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) dengan enam rotor yang memiliki kestabilan dan redundansi lebih baik dibandingkan quadcopter, sehingga cocok untuk aplikasi penerbangan otonom. Namun, pencapaian performa trajectory tracking yang presisi masih menjadi tantangan akibat dinamika sistem yang nonlinier, gangguan eksternal, serta keterbatasan sensor. Pada penelitian ini diusulkan penerapan Model Predictive Control (MPC) sebagai kontroler outer loop untuk menggantikan kontrol posisi dan kecepatan bawaan PX4, sementara kontroler inner loop berupa kontrol attitude dan angular rate tetap menggunakan kontrol PID. MPC menghitung perintah percepatan translasi berdasarkan error posisi dan kecepatan, yang selanjutnya dikonversi menjadi attitude dan thrust setpoint untuk dieksekusi oleh PX4 melalui mode Offboard menggunakan MAVROS. Untuk mendukung trajectory tracking kontinu, MPC diintegrasikan dengan skema Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance sebagai pembangkit referensi lintasan. Sistem diuji melalui simulasi Software In The Loop (SITL) berbasis ROS dan Gazebo Classic, serta divalidasi melalui pengujian langsung pada hardware hexacopter. Beberapa variasi matriks pembobot Q, R, dan R_Δ, serta prediction horizon (N_p) diuji untuk menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap performa tracking. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa MPC mampu meningkatkan akurasi pencapaian waypoint sebesar sekitar 18% pada pengujian planar dan 8% pada pengujian spasial dibandingkan kontroler PID bawaan PX4. Pada pengujian trajectory tracking lintasan heliks tiga dimensi menggunakan LOS guidance, MPC mampu mereduksi Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) tracking sebesar 9,46% serta meningkatkan efisiensi waktu tempuh hingga 18,2% dibandingkan kontroler PID. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi MPC dan LOS guidance mampu meningkatkan performa trajectory tracking hexacopter secara signifikan dan dapat diimplementasikan secara real-time pada sistem autopilot PX4.
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A hexacopter is a type of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with six rotors that has better stability and redundancy than a quadcopter, making it suitable for autonomous flight applications. However, achieving precise trajectory tracking performance remains a challenge due to non-linear system dynamics, external disturbances, and sensor limitations. This study proposes the application of Model Predictive Control (MPC) as an outer loop controller to replace the default PX4 position and speed control, while the inner loop controller in the form of attitude and angular rate control continues to use PID control. MPC calculates the translational acceleration command based on position and speed errors, which are then converted into attitude and thrust setpoints to be executed by PX4 through Offboard mode using MAVROS. To support continuous trajectory tracking, MPC is integrated with a Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance scheme as a trajectory reference generator. The system is tested through Software In The Loop (SITL) simulation based on ROS and Gazebo Classic, and validated through direct testing on hexacopter hardware. Several variations of the
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hexacopter, Model Predictive Control, Line-of-Sight Guidance Trajectory tracking, PX4. Hexacopter, Model Predictive Control, Line-of-Sight Guidance Trajectory tracking, PX4. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL152.8 Vehicles, Remotely piloted. Autonomous vehicles. U Military Science > UG1242 Drone aircraft--Control systems. (unmanned vehicle) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Riawan Naufal |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jan 2026 01:26 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jan 2026 01:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130663 |
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