Tabranist, Sahrila Nanda (2026) BUMDes Atau Swadaya Masyarakat: Model Kelembagaan Mana Yang Lebih Berkelanjutan Dalam Pengelolaan Air Bersih Di Pedesaan? (Studi Kasus: Desa Karangsono Dan Desa Gunting, Kabupaten Pasuruan). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Penyediaan air bersih merupakan prioritas utama dalam pembangunan infrastruktur dasar wilayah karena berperan krusial dalam menunjang kesehatan, kesejahteraan, dan keberlanjutan hidup masyarakat, sejalan dengan target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) nomor 6. Di Indonesia, khususnya wilayah perdesaan, ketidakmerataan akses air minum layak masih menjadi persoalan, termasuk di Kabupaten Pasuruan yang cakupan layanan PDAM belum menjangkau seluruh kecamatan. Kondisi ini mendorong berkembangnya sistem penyediaan air bersih berbasis masyarakat, seperti HIPPAM, yang keberhasilannya sangat bergantung pada kapasitas dan desain kelembagaan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan membandingkan pengaruh faktor-faktor kelembagaan terhadap keberlanjutan pengelolaan air bersih berbasis masyarakat pada dua model kelembagaan yang berbeda, yaitu HIPPAM yang terintegrasi dengan BUMDes di Desa Karangsono dan HIPPAM berbasis swadaya masyarakat di Desa Gunting, dengan menggunakan kerangka Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan rasionalistik dengan mixed methods dan studi kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara mendalam, sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari dokumen kebijakan dan literatur ilmiah. Analisis dilakukan melalui eksplorasi kualitatif faktor kelembagaan, konversi temuan ke dalam skoring kuantitatif yang divisualisasikan dengan diagram radar, serta penyusunan rekomendasi berbasis bukti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua desa memiliki kinerja kelembagaan yang relatif tinggi, namun dengan karakter kekuatan yang berbeda. Desa Gunting unggul pada stabilitas kondisi biofisik, modal sosial, dan partisipasi langsung masyarakat, sehingga keberlanjutan lebih ditopang oleh solidaritas sosial dan kemandirian swadaya, meskipun masih lemah pada aspek formalitas aturan dan dokumentasi. Sebaliknya, Desa Karangsono menonjol dalam kekuatan kelembagaan formal, transparansi, serta mekanisme insentif dan sanksi yang jelas, namun menghadapi tantangan teknis-operasional berupa tingginya biaya energi dan kompleksitas distribusi air. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa keberlanjutan pengelolaan air bersih berbasis masyarakat tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kekuatan aturan formal, tetapi juga oleh interaksi antara modal sosial, kondisi sumber daya, dan desain kelembagaan yang kontekstual. = Clean water provision is a fundamental priority in regional infrastructure development due to its essential role in supporting public health, welfare, and the sustainability of human life, in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, which targets universal access to safe water and sanitation. In Indonesia, particularly in rural areas, unequal access to safe drinking water remains a persistent challenge, including in Pasuruan Regency, where public water utility services have not yet covered all districts. This condition has encouraged the development of community-based water supply systems, such as HIPPAM, whose success and sustainability are highly dependent on local institutional capacity and governance design. This study aims to analyze and compare the influence of institutional factors on the sustainability of community-based clean water management under two different institutional models: a BUMDes-integrated HIPPAM in Karangsono Village and a community self-led HIPPAM in Gunting Village, using the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework. The research adopts a rationalistic approach with a mixed-methods design and a case study strategy. Primary data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews, while secondary data were obtained from policy documents and scientific literature. Data analysis was conducted through qualitative exploration of institutional factors, systematic conversion of findings into quantitative scores visualized using radar charts, and the formulation of evidence-based recommendations. The results indicate that both villages exhibit relatively strong institutional performance, but with distinct structural characteristics. Gunting Village demonstrates strengths in biophysical stability, social capital, and direct community participation, making sustainability largely supported by social solidarity and community self-reliance, despite weaknesses in formal institutionalization and documentation. In contrast, Karangsono Village shows strong formal institutional capacity, transparency, and clear incentive–sanction mechanisms, but faces technical-operational sustainability challenges, particularly high energy costs and complex water distribution systems. These findings confirm that the sustainability of community-based water management is not determined solely by formal regulatory strength, but by the interaction between social capital, resource conditions, and context-specific institutional design.
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Clean water provision is a fundamental priority in regional infrastructure development due to its essential role in supporting public health, welfare, and the sustainability of human life, in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, which targets universal access to safe water and sanitation. In Indonesia, particularly in rural areas, unequal access to safe drinking water remains a persistent challenge, including in Pasuruan Regency, where public water utility services have not yet covered all districts. This condition has encouraged the development of community-based water supply systems, such as HIPPAM, whose success and sustainability are highly dependent on local institutional capacity and governance design. This study aims to analyze and compare the influence of institutional factors on the sustainability of community- based clean water management under two different institutional models: a BUMDes-integrated HIPPAM in Karangsono Village and a community self-led HIPPAM in Gunting Village, using the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework. The research adopts a rationalistic approach with a mixed-methods design and a case study strategy. Primary data were collected through field observations and in-depth interviews, while secondary data were obtained from policy documents and scientific literature. Data analysis was conducted through qualitative exploration of institutional factors, systematic conversion of findings into quantitative scores visualized using radar charts, and the formulation of evidence-based recommendations. The results indicate that both villages exhibit relatively strong institutional performance, but with distinct structural characteristics. Gunting Village demonstrates strengths in biophysical stability, social capital, and direct community participation, making sustainability largely supported by social solidarity and community self-reliance, despite weaknesses in formal institutionalization and documentation. In contrast, Karangsono Village shows strong formal institutional capacity, transparency, and clear incentive–sanction mechanisms, but faces technical-operational sustainability challenges, particularly high energy costs and complex water distribution systems. These findings confirm that the sustainability of community-based water management is not determined solely by formal regulatory strength, but by the interaction between social capital, resource conditions, and context-specific institutional design.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | pengelolaan air bersih, Institutional Analysis and Development, kelembagaan, desa, keberlanjutan clean water management, Institutional Analysis and Development, institutions, villages, sustainability |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD1698.A1 Water-supply, Rural--Asia. H Social Sciences > HT Communities. Classes. Races |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Sahrila Nanda Tabranist |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jan 2026 00:55 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jan 2026 00:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/130830 |
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