Fabrikasi Sel Koin Superkapasitor Berbasis HrGO dari Biomassa Sabut Kelapa dan Uji Performa Elektrokimianya

Akbar, Reza Rozaqul (2026) Fabrikasi Sel Koin Superkapasitor Berbasis HrGO dari Biomassa Sabut Kelapa dan Uji Performa Elektrokimianya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan energi global mendorong pengembangan perangkat penyimpan energi berperforma tinggi, salah satunya superkapasitor. Namun, keterbatasan densitas energi pada superkapasitor menjadi tantangan akibat luas permukaan aktif dan transport ion elektroda rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan elektroda H-rGO sabut kelapa menggunakan metode etsa kimia dengan variasi perbandingan rGO:H₂O₂ 1:1, 1:3, dan 1:5. Fabrikasi meliputi pembuatan HrGO, elektroda dari HrGO, pembuatan larutan elektrolit, dan fabrikasi sel koin. Sel koin difabrikasi pada CR2032 dan pembuatan elektrodanya dilakukan secara kontinu untuk menghindari penggumpalan slurry. Konsentrasi NMP pada pembuatan slurry perlu ditambahkan NMP secara berkala agar slurry tidak menggumpal. Fabrikasi dilakukan dengan tipe full cell menggunakan dua elektroda yang disusun secara berhadapan dipisahkan separator dengan elektrolit. Pengujian elektrokimia meliputi klasifikasi tipe superkapasitor, EIS dan GCD. Klasifikasi tipe superkapasitor memberikan informasi bahwa semua superkapasitor pada penelitian ini superkapasitor tipe EDLC. Namun, pada HrGO-3 masih terdapat broad feature pada rentang 3,5-4 V. Hasil pengujian EIS, menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara koefisien Warburg dengan koefisien difusi ion, semakin kecil koefisien Warburg maka semakin besar koefisien difusi ion natriumnya. Selain itu, HrGO-3 menunjukkan nilai konduktivitas listrik tertinggi sebesar 1,45 x 10^(-5) S cm⁻¹ dan nilai difusi ion Na+ sebesar 3,37 x 10^(-17) cm2 s-1. Hasil pengujian GCD, menunjukkan HrGO-3 paling optimal dengan nilai kapasitansi spesifik sebesar 105,14 F/g, energi densitas 37,4 Wh/kg, dan power densitas sebesar 731,4 W/kg dengan retensi kapasitansi fluktuasi di awal siklus, penurunan secara konstan mulai siklus ke-39.
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The increasing global demand for energy has driven the development of high-performance energy storage devices, particularly supercapacitors; however, their low energy density remains a major challenge due to limited active surface area and inefficient ion transport within electrode materials. In this study, H-rGO derived from coconut husk biomass was employed as the electrode material, synthesized via chemical etching using H₂O₂ with rGO:H₂O₂ ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5. The fabrication process involved H-rGO synthesis, electrode preparation, electrolyte solution preparation, and CR2032 coin-cell assembly, where the electrode slurry was prepared continuously to prevent agglomeration by periodically adding NMP to maintain homogeneity. The devices were fabricated in a full-cell configuration using two identical electrodes arranged face-to-face and separated by a separator soaked in electrolyte. Electrochemical characterization included supercapacitor type classification, EIS, and GCD measurements. The classification results indicate that all devices exhibit EDLC behavior, although HrGO-3 shows a broad feature in the voltage range of 3.5–4.0 V. EIS analysis reveals a correlation between the Warburg coefficient and the sodium-ion diffusion coefficient, where a lower Warburg coefficient corresponds to higher ion diffusivity; HrGO-3 exhibits the highest electrical conductivity of 1.45 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹ and a Na⁺ diffusion coefficient of 3.37 × 10⁻¹⁷ cm² s⁻¹. GCD results demonstrate that HrGO-3 delivers the most optimal performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 105.14 F g⁻¹, an energy density of 37.4 Wh kg⁻¹, and a power density of 731.4 W kg⁻¹, with capacitance retention showing initial fluctuations followed by a consistent decline starting from the 39th cycle.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Aktivator, elektroda, fabrikasi, HrGO, superkapasitor============= Activator, electrode, fabrication, HrGO, supercapacitor
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK7872.C65 Supercapacitors.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Reza Rozaqul Akbar
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2026 06:50
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2026 06:50
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131180

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