Studi Numerik Pengaruh Rounding pada Blade Leading Edge dan Jumlah Sudu terhadap Kinerja Pompa Slurry

Wuryaningrum, Emy Zuraida (2026) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Rounding pada Blade Leading Edge dan Jumlah Sudu terhadap Kinerja Pompa Slurry. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pompa sentrifugal slurry memiliki peranan penting dalam proses transportasi campuran padat–cair di berbagai sektor industri, seperti pertambangan dan pembangkit listrik tenaga termal. Keberadaan partikel padat dalam fluida menyebabkan peningkatan kerugian hidraulik, penurunan efisiensi, serta potensi erosi pada komponen pompa, sehingga kinerja pompa slurry umumnya lebih rendah dibandingkan saat memompa fluida homogen. Salah satu faktor desain yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja tersebut adalah geometri impeller, khususnya jumlah sudu dan bentuk leading edge yang dapat dimodifikasi melalui penerapan rounding. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi secara numerik pengaruh variasi jumlah sudu impeller (Z = 3, 4, dan 5) dengan geometri leading edge rounded terhadap karakteristik kinerja hidrolik pompa sentrifugal slurry, yang meliputi head dan efisiensi, serta untuk menganalisis perubahan pola aliran internal akibat variasi desain tersebut. Simulasi aliran tiga dimensi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS CFX dengan pendekatan multiphase Eulerian–Eulerian untuk memodelkan aliran dua fasa, yaitu air dan partikel padat limestone, serta model turbulensi standar k–ε. Geometri pompa mengacu pada studi literatur dengan kecepatan putar 1250 rpm dan diameter partikel padat sebesar 100 μm. Analisis kinerja dilakukan pada konsentrasi volumetrik padatan 10% dan 20%, dengan variasi laju aliran 30, 35, 40, 45, dan 50 m³/h, sehingga diperoleh kurva karakteristik H–Q dan η–Q. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi padatan menyebabkan penurunan head dan efisiensi serta peningkatan konsumsi daya pompa. Penerapan leading edge rounded mampu memperbaiki karakteristik aliran masuk impeller dengan mengurangi separasi aliran dan turbulensi lokal, sehingga menghasilkan kinerja hidrolik yang lebih baik. Variasi jumlah sudu menunjukkan bahwa impeller dengan Z = 5 menghasilkan aliran yang paling stabil, head dan efisiensi yang lebih konsisten, serta ketahanan erosi yang lebih baik dibandingkan konfigurasi Z = 3 dan Z = 4. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan kesesuaian tren dengan data literatur, sehingga memvalidasi pendekatan numerik yang digunakan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pemahaman pengaruh modifikasi geometri impeller terhadap kinerja pompa slurry serta menjadi acuan dalam optimasi desain impeller untuk aplikasi transportasi slurry dengan konsentrasi padatan tinggi.
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Centrifugal slurry pumps play a crucial role in transporting solid–liquid mixtures in various industrial applications, such as mining and thermal power plants. The presence of solid particles in the fluid increases hydraulic losses, reduces efficiency, and accelerates component erosion, resulting in lower pump performance compared to clean water operation. One of the key design parameters affecting slurry pump performance is the impeller geometry, particularly the number of blades and the shape of the blade leading edge, which can be modified through rounding. This study numerically investigates the effect of impeller blade number (Z = 3, 4, and 5) with rounded leading-edge geometry on the hydraulic performance of a centrifugal slurry pump, focusing on head and efficiency, as well as the internal flow characteristics. Three-dimensional simulations were carried out using ANSYS CFX with an Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase approach to model the two-phase flow of water and limestone particles, combined with the standard k–ε turbulence model. The pump geometry was adopted from the literature and operated at a rotational speed of 1250 rpm. The solid particles were modeled with a diameter of 100 μm. Performance analysis was conducted at solid volume concentrations of 10% and 20%, with flow rates ranging from 30 to 50 m³/h, resulting in the characteristic H–Q and η–Q performance curves. The simulation results indicate that increasing solid concentration leads to a reduction in pump head and efficiency, accompanied by higher power consumption. The application of a rounded leading edge improves the inlet flow characteristics by reducing flow separation and local turbulence, thereby enhancing hydraulic performance. Among the investigated configurations, the impeller with five blades (Z = 5) exhibits the most stable internal flow, more consistent head and efficiency, and superior resistance to erosion compared to the Z = 3 and Z = 4 configurations. The predicted trends show good agreement with published literature, validating the numerical approach employed. This study provides valuable insights into the influence of impeller geometric modifications on slurry pump performance and serves as a reference for the optimal design of centrifugal slurry pumps operating under high solid concentration conditions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Pompa slurry, jumlah sudu, leading edge rounding, kinerja hidrolik, ANSYS CFX, konsentrasi padatan.Slurry pump, blade number, leading edge rounding, hydraulic performance, ANSYS CFX, solid concentration.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Emy Zuraida Wuryaningrum
Date Deposited:	30 Jan 2026 09:01
Last Modified:	31 Jan 2026 13:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131352

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