Baheja, Afrina Nuria (2026) Perumusan Design Requirements and Objectives (DR&O) Knee‑Ankle‑Foot Orthosis untuk Anak Cerebral Palsy Crouch Gait Berbasis User‑Centered Design. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) merupakan gangguan neuromotorik yang menyebabkan keterbatasan gerak dan postur pada anak, termasuk gangguan berjalan. Pada CP spastik diplegia, salah satu deviasi gait yang dijumpai adalah crouch gait, yaitu fleksi lutut persisten pada fase tumpu (stance) yang dapat meningkatkan kebutuhan energi, kelelahan, nyeri, serta risiko progresi deformitas. Di Klinik Utama Jati Asih Medika YPAC Surabaya, alat eksisting seperti AFO rigid dan backslab belum optimal dalam menyeimbangkan kebutuhan kontrol lutut yang stabil dengan kenyamanan penggunaan, sehingga kepatuhan pemakaian pasien rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyusun dokumen Design Requirements & Objectives (DR&O) dalam bentuk Buku Panduan Klinis sebagai acuan perancangan Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis (KAFO) berbasis User-Centered Design (UCD) untuk anak CP usia 6-12 tahun (GMFCS II-III) dengan kecenderungan crouch gait. Penelitian kualitatif eksploratif ini dilakukan melalui tahapan wawancara mendalam, observasi klinis, dan benchmarking. Triangulasi data dilakukan dengan verifikasi teknis biomekanika menggunakan simulasi OpenSim (Inverse Dynamics dan Static Optimization) pada data kinematika referensi yang dimodifikasi untuk menjustifikasi kebutuhan beban momen ekstensi lutut secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian merumuskan 12 Design Requirements (DR) dengan urutan prioritas fitur: (1) stabilitas lutut anti-kolaps (crucial), (2) mekanisme duduk adaptif (high), dan (3) proteksi kulit (high). Validasi pakar menegaskan bahwa buku panduan DR&O layak digunakan dengan catatan bahwa acceptance criteria tidak menggunakan angka baku universal, melainkan diisi oleh Klinis/Ortotis berdasarkan observasi individual saat fitting sebagai dasar keputusan klinis.
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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neuromotor disorder causing limitations in movement and posture in children, including gait disturbances. In spastic diplegia CP, one of the gait deviations encountered is crouch gait, characterized by persistent knee flexion during the stance phase, which increases energy cost, fatigue, pain, and the risk of progressive deformity. At Klinik Utama Jati Asih Medika YPAC Surabaya, existing devices such as rigid AFOs and backslabs have not optimally balanced the need for stable knee control with user comfort, resulting in low patient compliance. This study aims to formulate Design Requirements & Objectives (DR&O) in the form of a Clinical Guidebook as a reference for designing a Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis (KAFO) based on User-Centered Design (UCD) for children with CP aged 6-12 years (GMFCS II-III) with a tendency for crouch gait. This qualitative exploratory study was conducted through in-depth interviews, clinical observations, and benchmarking. Data triangulation was performed through technical biomechanical verification using OpenSim simulation (Inverse Dynamics and Static Optimization) on modified reference kinematic data to quantitatively justify the knee extension moment requirements. The study formulated 12 Design Requirements (DR) with a prioritized feature hierarchy: (1) anti-collapse knee stability (crucial), (2) adaptive sitting mechanism (high), and (3) skin protection (high). Expert validation confirmed that the DR&O guidebook is feasible, noting that acceptance criteria should not rely on universal fixed numbers but rather be determined by Clinicians/Orthotists based on individual observations during fitting as a basis for clinical decisions.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | cerebral palsy, crouch gait, KAFO, user-centered design, OpenSim, DR&O ======================================================================================================================== cerebral palsy, crouch gait, KAFO, user-centered design, OpenSim, DR&O |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) > R727.3 Patient satisfaction. R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS171 Product design Z Bibliography. Library Science. Information Resources > Z116.A3 Book design. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of medicine and health (MEDICS) > Medical Technology > 11503-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Afrina Nuria Baheja |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Feb 2026 06:24 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2026 06:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131482 |
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