Kerangka Penilaian Resiliensi Pelabuhan Terhadap Gempa di Indonesia

Aini, Mufida Nur (2026) Kerangka Penilaian Resiliensi Pelabuhan Terhadap Gempa di Indonesia. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia yang berada pada kawasan Cincin Api Pasifik memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi terhadap gempa bumi, yang dalam satu dekade terakhir telah menimbulkan korban jiwa serta kerusakan infrastruktur strategis, termasuk pelabuhan. Kerusakan pelabuhan berdampak signifikan terhadap terganggunya distribusi logistik dan memperlambat pemulihan ekonomi, sebagaimana terjadi pada peristiwa gempa Palu tahun 2018. Meskipun peran pelabuhan sangat krusial dalam sistem logistik nasional, kajian resiliensi pelabuhan di Indonesia masih didominasi oleh pendekatan fisik-struktural, sementara aspek operasional, manajerial, dan lingkungan belum banyak dikaji secara terintegrasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kerangka penilaian resiliensi pelabuhan terhadap gempa bumi yang bersifat komprehensif dengan mengintegrasikan dimensi fisik, operasional, manajerial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed-method dengan mengombinasikan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE). Metode AHP digunakan untuk menentukan bobot kepentingan kriteria dan subkriteria resiliensi, sedangkan FCE digunakan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat resiliensi pelabuhan berdasarkan kondisi realita dan harapan. Studi kasus diterapkan pada Pelabuhan Wani, Palu, dengan melibatkan praktisi dan pemangku kepentingan pelabuhan sebagai responden. Penelitian menghasilkan kerangka penilaian resiliensi pelabuhan yang terdiri atas empat kriteria utama, yaitu fisik, operasional, manajerial, dan lingkungan, yang diturunkan menjadi 16 subkriteria berdasarkan konsep 4R (robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, dan rapidity). Penerapan model pada Pelabuhan Wani menunjukkan nilai resiliensi kondisi realita sebesar 2,812 (baik hingga sedang) dan nilai harapan sebesar 4,079 (tinggi), yang mengindikasikan adanya kesenjangan antara kondisi eksisting dan kondisi ideal. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi subkriteria prioritas yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan resiliensi pelabuhan pascagempa. Kerangka penilaian yang dikembangkan diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai alat evaluasi sistematis serta dasar perumusan strategi peningkatan resiliensi pelabuhan di wilayah rawan gempa. Kerangka penilaian yang diusulkan diharapkan dapat menjadi alat evaluasi yang sistematis serta memberikan rekomendasi strategis bagi pengelola pelabuhan dan pengambil kebijakan dalam merancang upaya mitigasi dan peningkatan resiliensi pelabuhan yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.
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Indonesia, which is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire, has a high level of vulnerability to earthquakes, which over the past decade have caused significant casualties and damage to strategic infrastructure, including seaports. Damage to port infrastructure has a substantial impact on the disruption of logistics distribution and delays in economic recovery, as demonstrated by the 2018 Palu earthquake. Despite the critical role of ports within the national logistics system, studies on port resilience in Indonesia have predominantly focused on physical and structural aspects, while operational, managerial, and environmental dimensions remain insufficiently integrated. Therefore, this study aims to develop a comprehensive assessment framework for port resilience to earthquakes by integrating physical, operational, managerial, and environmental dimensions. This research adopts a mixed-method approach by combining the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) methods. The AHP method is employed to determine the relative importance weights of resilience criteria and subcriteria, while FCE is used to evaluate port resilience levels under both actual (realistic) and expected conditions. A case study is conducted at Wani Port, Palu, involving port practitioners and relevant stakeholders as respondents. The study produces a port resilience assessment framework consisting of four main criteria physical, operational, managerial, and environmental which are further decomposed into 16 subcriteria based on the 4R concept (robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity). The application of the proposed model to Wani Port indicates that the resilience score under actual conditions is 2.812 (poor to moderate), while the expected resilience score reaches 4.079 (high), revealing a significant gap between existing and ideal conditions. In addition, this study identifies priority subcriteria that have a substantial influence on improving port resilience in the post-earthquake context. The proposed assessment framework is expected to serve as a systematic evaluation tool and to provide strategic recommendations for port authorities and policymakers in designing more effective and sustainable mitigation measures and strategies to enhance port resilience in earthquake-prone regions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	AHP, Gempa Bumi, Infrastruktur, Resiliensi, Pelabuhan, AHP, Earthquake, Infrastructure, Port, Resilience
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Mufida Nur Aini
Date Deposited:	02 Feb 2026 04:06
Last Modified:	02 Feb 2026 04:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131498

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