Keanekaragaman Capung di Kawasan Sekitar Sumber Mata Air di Lereng Barat Gunung Kelud, Kabupaten Kediri

Rahayu, Elfa Agustina (2026) Keanekaragaman Capung di Kawasan Sekitar Sumber Mata Air di Lereng Barat Gunung Kelud, Kabupaten Kediri. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Capung memiliki peran penting dalam ekosistem sebagai predator alami dan bioindikator kualitas perairan. Lereng barat Gunung Kelud memiliki banyak sumber air alami dengan variasi vegetasi dan kondisi lingkungan yang berpotensi mendukung keanekaragaman capung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman capung pada tujuh kawasan sumber air, yaitu Sumber Air Songo, Kurung, Ubalan, Jembangan, Sirahnggolo, Lumbu, dan Complang dan juga mengetahui faktor abiotik terhadap spesies capung tersebut. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Juli–Agustus 2025 menggunakan metode Visual Encounter Survey (VES) pada jalur transek dikeliling sumber. Parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, pH, kelembaban, intensitas cahaya, kecepatan arus air, serta kondisi vegetasi dicatat sebagai data pendukung. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks Shannon-Wiener (H’) untuk mengukur seberapa beragam spesies, Kemerataan Pielou (E) untuk melihat seberapa merata distribusi jumlah individu antar spesies, Dominansi Simpson (D) untuk mengukur apakah terdapat spesies tertentu yang mendominasi komunitas, dan Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) untuk mengukur pengaruh faktor abiotik terhadap spesies. Juga dilakukan analisis tutupan lahan menggunkan QGIS sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian mencatat keberadaan 23 spesies dari 9 famili, terdiri atas 15 spesies Anisoptera dan 8 spesies Zygoptera. Spesies dari Famili Libellulidae paling banyak ditemukan dengan tiga spesies mendominasi yaitu Orthetrum sabina, Pantala flavescens, dan Orthetrum testaceum. Juga ditemukan spesies endemik yaitu Heliocypha fenestrata. Keanekaragaman spesies tertinggi ditemukan di Sumber Ubalan (20 spesies; H’=2,56), sedangkan terendah di Sumber Complang (4 spesies; H’=1,09). Secara keseluruhan, indeks keanekaragaman tergolong sedang (H’: 1,09–2,56), kemerataan spesies (E: 0,79–0,92), dan dominansi D: 0,10–0,41). Analisis CCA menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya, suhu air, dan kecepatan arus berpengaruh terhadap distribusi spesies, memisahkan kelompok spesies yang menyukai area terbuka dan area tertutup. Kondisi ekosistem sumber air di 7 lokasi penelitian secara umum masih mendukung kehidupan komunitas capung, namun degradasi vegetasi seperti di Sumber Complang berdampak nyata pada penurunan diversitas spesies spesialis karena hilangnya naungan kanopi alami.
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Dragonflies play a crucial role in the ecosystem as natural predators and bioindicators of water quality. The western slopes of Mount Kelud possess numerous natural water springs with diverse vegetation and environmental conditions that have the potential to support dragonfly diversity. This study aims to analyze dragonfly diversity in seven water spring areas—Sumber Air Songo, Kurung, Ubalan, Jembangan, Sirahnggolo, Lumbu, and Complang—and to determine the abiotic factors influencing these dragonfly species. Data collection was conducted from July to August 2025 using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method along transect lines surrounding the springs. Environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, humidity, light intensity, water current velocity, and vegetation conditions were recorded as supporting data. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index (H’) to measure species diversity, Pielou’s Evenness index (E) to assess the distribution of individuals among species, Simpson’s Dominance index (D) to determine if specific species dominate the community, and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to measure the influence of abiotic factors on the species. Land cover analysis was also performed using QGIS as supporting data. The results recorded the presence of 23 species from 9 families, consisting of 15 Anisoptera species and 8 Zygoptera species. Species from the Libellulidae family were the most abundant, with three dominant species: Orthetrum sabina, Pantala flavescens, and Orthetrum testaceum. An endemic species, Heliocypha fenestrata, was also found. The highest species diversity was found at Sumber Ubalan (20 species; H’=2.56), while the lowest was at Sumber Complang (4 species; H’=1.09). Overall, the diversity index was classified as moderate (H’: 1.09–2.56), species evenness was high (E: 0.79–0.92), and dominance was low (D: 0.10–0.41). CCA analysis showed that light intensity, water temperature, and current velocity influenced species distribution, separating species groups that prefer open areas from those preferring closed areas. The ecosystem conditions of the water springs at the seven research sites generally still support the dragonfly community; however, vegetation degradation, such as at Sumber Complang, has significantly impacted the decline of specialist species diversity due to the loss of natural canopy shade.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biodiversitas, Ekosistem, Odonata, Sumber Air, Variasi Vegetasi, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Odonata, Water Springs, Vegetation Variation.
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QH Biology > QH75 Nature conservation. Landscape protection. Biodiversity conservation. Endangered species and ecosystems (General). Habitat conservation. Ecosystem management. Conservation biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH91.8.S64 Species diversity
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Elfa Agustina Rahayu
Date Deposited:	03 Feb 2026 04:22
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2026 04:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131721

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