Desain Engineering Sistem Penggerak Kendaraan 4WD Hybrid Series Dual Motor Berbasis Optimasi Algoritma Genetika

Sandya, Rafif Bani (2026) Desain Engineering Sistem Penggerak Kendaraan 4WD Hybrid Series Dual Motor Berbasis Optimasi Algoritma Genetika. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pengembangan kendaraan listrik hibrida menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil, khususnya pada kendaraan dengan kebutuhan daya tinggi seperti kendaraan 4WD. Kendaraan hibrida seri (series hybrid) menawarkan alternatif yang relevan di tengah keterbatasan infrastruktur pengisian daya dan tingginya biaya baterai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perancangan berbasis penentuan parameter dan optimasi ukuran sistem penggerak kendaraan 4WD Hybrid Series Dual Motor dengan fokus pada penentuan kapasitas optimal mesin pembakaran dalam dan battery packs untuk aplikasi jalan raya berbasis simulasi model kendaraan. Pemodelan kendaraan dilakukan menggunakan MATLAB Simulink dengan pendekatan dinamika longitudinal berdasarkan siklus mengemudi US06 yang, sedangkan optimasi ukuran komponen utama sistem penggerak dilakukan menggunakan Genetic Algorithm (GA) sebagai metode optimasi multi-variabel. Proses optimasi mempertimbangkan batasan yang harus dipenuhi, meliputi kebutuhan daya minimum sistem sebesar 72 kW, batas tegangan maksimum 500 V, batas arus maksimum 480 A, kapasitas energi baterai minimum 23 kWh, dengan harga beli maksimum Rp 279.428.571, serta biaya operasional maksimum Rp 10.000 per satu siklus uji. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi optimal diperoleh pada mesin ICE berdaya 76 kW dan paket baterai dengan konfigurasi 138 seri dan 2 paralel. Konfigurasi seri digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tegangan sistem motor dan inverter, sedangkan konfigurasi paralel berfungsi meningkatkan kemampuan suplai arus dan daya baterai agar mampu menangani beban tinggi pada operasi kendaraan 4WD. menghasilkan biaya kapital sebesar Rp 144.256.000 dan biaya operasional sebesar Rp 9.983 per satu siklus uji. Hasil perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa sistem hibrida memiliki biaya kapital 30% lebih rendah dibandingkan sistem battery-only, serta biaya operasional 11% lebih rendah dibandingkan sistem engine + generator. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Genetic Algorithm efektif digunakan dalam optimasi sizing powertrain kendaraan hibrida seri dan mampu menghasilkan desain sistem penggerak 4WD yang ekonomis dan layak secara teknis.
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The development of hybrid electric vehicles has become a promising solution to improve energy efficiency and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, particularly for vehicles with high power demands such as four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles. Series hybrid vehicles offer a relevant alternative amid limited charging infrastructure and the high cost of batteries. This study aims to perform a parameter-based design and sizing optimization of a 4WD Hybrid Series Dual Motor powertrain, focusing on determining the optimal capacities of the internal combustion engine (ICE) and battery pack for road applications through simulation, with heavy terrain conditions represented by the wheel slip parameter in the vehicle model. Vehicle modeling was conducted using MATLAB Simulink with a longitudinal vehicle dynamics approach based on the US06 driving cycle, while the sizing optimization of the main powertrain components was performed using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a multi-variable optimization method. The optimization process considered predefined constraints that must be satisfied, including a minimum system power requirement of 72 kW, a maximum voltage limit of 500 V, a maximum current limit of 480 A, a minimum battery energy capacity of 23 kWh, a maximum capital cost of IDR 279,428,571, and a maximum operational cost of IDR 10,000 per test cycle. The optimization results indicate that the optimal configuration consists of a 76 kW ICE and a battery pack arranged in 138 series and 2 parallel cells. The series configuration is used to meet the voltage requirements of the motor and inverter system, while the parallel configuration increases the battery’s current and power delivery capability to handle high-load conditions during 4WD operation. This configuration results in a capital cost of Rp 144,256,000 and an operational cost of Rp 9,983 per test cycle. Comparative results show that the hybrid system achieves a 30% lower capital cost than the battery-only system and an 11% lower operational cost than the engine plus generator system. This study demonstrates that the Genetic Algorithm is effective for sizing optimization of series hybrid powertrains and can produce an economically viable and technically feasible 4WD propulsion system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	kendaraan hibrida seri, 4WD, Genetic Algorithm, optimasi sizing, biaya kapital, biaya operasional, series hybrid vehicle, 4WD, Genetic Algorithm, powertrain sizing optimization, capital cost, operational cost.
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA402.5 Genetic algorithms. Interior-point methods. T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL221.5 Hybrid Vehicles. Hybrid cars T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL262 Automobiles--Transmission devices--Design and construction.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rafif Bani Sandya
Date Deposited:	03 Feb 2026 08:43
Last Modified:	03 Feb 2026 08:43
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131856

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