Rancang Bangun Kapal Nelayan Berbasis Energi Listrik Ramah Lingkungan

Sitanggang, Diwanto Riko (2026) Rancang Bangun Kapal Nelayan Berbasis Energi Listrik Ramah Lingkungan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor perikanan tangkap skala kecil di Indonesia masih sangat bergantung pada mesin diesel konvensional sebagai sistem propulsi utama. Ketergantungan ini menyebabkan tingginya biaya operasional, emisi gas rumah kaca, serta polusi kebisingan dan lingkungan di wilayah pesisir. Seiring meningkatnya tuntutan efisiensi energi dan keberlanjutan, penerapan sistem propulsi listrik pada kapal nelayan skala kecil menjadi solusi yang berpotensi menggantikan sistem konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang konsep sistem propulsi listrik yang sesuai dengan karakteristik operasional kapal nelayan pesisir Indonesia. Fokus penelitian meliputi analisis kebutuhan daya propulsi, pemilihan motor listrik, serta perancangan sistem penyimpanan energi berbasis baterai. Data operasional kapal diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan nelayan di wilayah Probolinggo untuk menentukan profil pelayaran dan siklus operasi harian. Analisis kebutuhan daya propulsi dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Maxsurf berdasarkan karakteristik hambatan kapal pada kecepatan operasi yang ditentukan. Sistem propulsi dirancang menggunakan motor listrik dengan daya terpasang 8 kW dan sistem baterai bertegangan 72 V. Selain daya propulsi, dilakukan perhitungan beban elektrikal pendukung serta estimasi kapasitas baterai berdasarkan pola operasi intermiten kapal nelayan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa pada kecepatan operasi 7 knot, kebutuhan daya propulsi maksimum berada pada kisaran 6–6,5 kW. Sistem propulsi listrik yang dirancang dinilai mampu memenuhi kebutuhan operasional harian kapal nelayan skala kecil serta memberikan potensi pengurangan emisi, kebisingan, dan biaya operasional dibandingkan sistem propulsi diesel konvensional. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi awal dalam pengembangan dan implementasi propulsi listrik pada kapal nelayan skala kecil di Indonesia menuju perikanan yang lebih berkelanjutan.

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Small-scale capture fisheries in Indonesia remain heavily dependent on conventional diesel engines as the primary propulsion system. This reliance results in high operational costs, greenhouse gas emissions, and noise and environmental pollution in coastal areas. With increasing demands for energy efficiency and sustainability, electric propulsion systems offer a promising alternative for small-scale fishing vessels. This study aims to develop an electric
propulsion system concept suited to the operational characteristics of small-scale coastal fishing vessels in Indonesia. The research focuses on propulsion power demand analysis, electric motor selection, and the design of battery-based energy storage systems. Operational data were obtained through direct interviews with fishermen in the Probolinggo region to define daily operating profiles and duty cycles. Propulsion power requirements were analyzed using Maxsurf software based on vessel resistance characteristics at the selected operating speed. The propulsion system was designed using an electric motor with an installed power of 8 kW and a 72 V battery system. In addition to propulsion demand, auxiliary electrical loads were calculated, and battery capacity was estimated according to the intermittent operating pattern of fishing vessels. The results show that at an operating speed of 7 knots, the maximum propulsion power requirement ranges from 6 to 6.5 kW. The proposed electric propulsion system is capable of meeting the daily operational needs of small-scale fishing vessels while offering potential reductions in emissions, noise, and operating costs compared to conventional diesel propulsion. This study is expected to serve as an initial reference for the development and implementation of electric propulsion systems for small-scale fishing vessels in Indonesia, supporting the transition toward more sustainable fisheries.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	kapal nelayan, kapal listrik, motor listrik, energi ramah lingkungan, fishing vessel, electric propulsion, electric motor, environmentally friendly energy
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM431 Fishing boats
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Naval Architecture and Shipbuilding Engineering > 36201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Diwanto Riko Sitanggang
Date Deposited:	04 Feb 2026 00:54
Last Modified:	04 Feb 2026 00:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/131922

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