Analisis Pengaruh Perforasi Pada Akustik Louvre Terhadap Reduksi Kebisingan Outlet Sistem HVAC

Wiratama, William Wahyu (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Perforasi Pada Akustik Louvre Terhadap Reduksi Kebisingan Outlet Sistem HVAC. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebisingan mekanis dari outlet saluran sistem Heating, ventilating, dan Air Conditioning (HVAC) seringkali melampaui ambang batas kenyamanan dan regulasi kesehatan kerja, sehingga memerlukan solusi mitigasi yang efisien tanpa mengganggu kinerja ventilasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas perforated louvre sebuah inovasi yang mengintegrasikan bilah louvre dengan panel perforasi dalam mereduksi kebisingan serta pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja ventilasi pada saluran HVAC. Parameter akustik yang dievaluasi meliputi Transmission Loss (TL), Insertion Loss (IL), dan Noise Reduction (NR), sementara performa ventilasi dikarakterisasi melalui pengukuran Air Velocity. Metodologi penelitian dilakukan melalui dua pendekatan: simulasi numerik berbasis metode elemen hingga menggunakan perangkat lunak ANSYS untuk memprediksi nilai TL dan kecepatan udara, serta validasi eksperimental di Ruang Anechoic Fisika ITS untuk mengukur nilai IL, NR, dan air velocity secara langsung menggunakan anemometer. Prototipe perforated louvre dengan diameter 15 cm difabrikasi menggunakan teknologi 3D printing, terdiri dari 4 bilah bersudut 45° dengan dua variasi panel perforasi: variasi full (18 lubang) dan variasi half (9 lubang) berdiameter 20 mm. Pengujian dilakukan pada rentang frekuensi hingga 1600 Hz dengan batas frekuensi cut-off sistem sebesar 1339 Hz. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan nilai resistansi akustik sebesar 65% untuk variasi full dan 34% untuk variasi half. Simulasi menunjukkan nilai TL tertinggi sebesar 34,74 dB pada frekuensi 50 Hz untuk variasi full. Berdasarkan pengukuran langsung, variasi full terbukti lebih superior dalam aspek akustik dengan capaian Noise Reduction puncak sebesar 14,52 dB pada frekuensi 125 Hz serta Insertion Loss sebesar 5,68 dB pada frekuensi 200 Hz. Pada performa ventilasi, data mengonfirmasi peningkatan kecepatan udara setelah melewati model sesuai dengan prinsip kontinuitas fluida, meskipun terdapat perbedaan tren antara simulasi dan pengukuran nyata akibat efek viskositas dan restriksi fisik pada kondisi lapangan. Secara keseluruhan, desain perforated louvre ini terbukti efektif dalam memitigasi kebisingan pada spektrum frekuensi rendah di bawah 500 Hz tanpa mengganggu performa ventilasi secara signifikan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penerapan prinsip Helmholtz Resonator Array pada panel perforasi merupakan alternatif peredam suara yang ringkas dan fungsional untuk meningkatkan kualitas akustik pada outlet sistem HVAC.
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Mechanical noise from Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems outlet often exceeds comfort thresholds and occupational health regulations, necessitating efficient mitigation solutions that do not compromise ventilation performance. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a perforated louvre, an innovation integrating louvre blades with perforated panels in noise reduction and its impact on ventilation performance within HVAC ducts. The evaluated acoustic parameters include Transmission Loss (TL), Insertion Loss (IL), and Noise Reduction (NR), while ventilation performance is characterized through air velocity measurements. The research methodology employs two approaches: numerical simulation based on the finite element method (FEM) using ANSYS software to predict TL values and air velocity, and experimental validation in the ITS Physics Anechoic Room to directly measure IL, NR, and air velocity using an anemometer. A perforated louvre prototype with a diameter of 15 cm was fabricated using 3D printing technology, consisting of four blades angled at 45° with two perforated panel variations: a full variation (18 holes) and a half variation (9 holes), both with 20 mm diameters. Testing was conducted across a frequency range up to 1600 Hz, with a system cut-off frequency of 1339 Hz. Calculations yielded acoustic resistance values of 65% for the full variation and 34% for the half variation. Simulation results showed the highest TL value of 34.74 dB at 50 Hz for the full variation. Based on direct measurements, the full variation proved acoustically superior, achieving a peak Noise Reduction of 14.52 dB at 125 Hz and an Insertion Loss of 5.68 dB at 200 Hz. Regarding ventilation performance, the data confirmed an increase in air velocity after passing through the model in accordance with the fluid continuity principle, although trend differences occurred between simulation and measurement due to viscosity effects and physical restrictions in field conditions. Overall, this perforated louvre design is effective in mitigating noise within the low-frequency spectrum below 500 Hz without significantly disrupting ventilation performance. This demonstrates that applying the Helmholtz Resonator Array principle to perforated panels serves as a compact and functional noise reduction alternative for enhancing the acoustic quality of HVAC systems outlet.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air Velocity, Insertion Loss, Louvre, Noise Reduction, Perforated panel, Transmission Loss.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics > QC221 Acoustics. Sound
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	William Wahyu Wiratama
Date Deposited:	05 Feb 2026 06:12
Last Modified:	05 Feb 2026 06:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/132172

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