Laporan Magang Mandiri 1 Sept-31 Des 2025 di PT. Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan

Aisyah, Iswatun Siti (2026) Laporan Magang Mandiri 1 Sept-31 Des 2025 di PT. Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan. Project Report. [s.n.]. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Alat penukar panas (Heat Exchanger) tipe shell and tube memegang peranan krusial dalam operasional kilang minyak, salah satunya pada unit High Vacuum Unit (HVU) di PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan. Heat Exchanger E-2-01 dan E-2-02 berfungsi sebagai preheater untuk memanaskan umpan fraksi berat long residue. Berjalannya waktu operasional dengan umpan fraksi berat sering kali memicu akumulasi endapan kotoran (fouling) pada shell maupun tube yang dapat menghambat laju perpindahan panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja termal Heat Exchanger E-2-01 dan E-2-02 secara aktual dengan menganalisis deviasi parameter Fouling Factor (Rd) serta dampaknya terhadap efisiensi termal unit.Evaluasi parameter kinerja perpindahan panas dihitung menggunakan Metode Kern. Analisis dilakukan dengan menarik rata-rata data operasional harian aktual dari Distributed Control System (DCS) dan Field Monitoring selama rentang waktu 21 November hingga 21 Desember 2025 dengan asumsi aliran steady state.Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi penurunan kinerja secara signifikan pada kedua alat penukar panas akibat tingginya laju pembentukan fouling. Temuan mengindikasikan bahwa nilai Fouling Factor (Rd) aktual alat sudah lebih besar daripada spesifikasi batas Rd desainnya. Akumulasi endapan dan kerak (scale) di dalam unit bekerja layaknya isolator penahan panas, yang dampaknya menyebabkan efisiensi termal pada Heat Exchanger E-2-02 merosot tajam hingga angka 64%. Nilai efisiensi termal ini telah jauh berada di bawah ambang batas toleransi minimum kelayakan operasional industri yang dipersyaratkan sebesar 80%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingginya nilai pengotor (fouling factor) sangat memengaruhi dan menurunkan efisiensi alat. Sebagai langkah troubleshooting (tindakan korektif), sangat direkomendasikan untuk segera melakukan perbaikan berupa mechanical cleaning pada jadwal pemeliharaan rutin (Turn Around / Plant Stop). Selain itu, pemberian injeksi zat aditif anti-foulant secara berkala juga perlu diterapkan sebagai langkah preventif guna meminimalisir penumpukan kerak di masa mendatang serta menjaga stabilitas operasional dan efisiensi termal alat penukar panas.
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Shell and tube heat exchangers play a crucial role in oil refinery operations, including in the High Vacuum Unit (HVU) at PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional RU V Balikpapan. Heat Exchangers E-2-01 and E-2-02 function as preheaters to heat the heavy fraction feed, long residue. Over time, operating with heavy fraction feed often triggers the accumulation of fouling deposits on both the shell and tubes, which can impede the heat transfer rate. This study aims to evaluate the actual thermal performance of Heat Exchangers E-2-01 and E-2-02 by analyzing the deviation of the Fouling Factor (Rd) parameter and its impact on the unit's thermal efficiency.
The evaluation of heat transfer performance parameters was calculated using the Kern Method. The analysis was conducted by averaging the actual daily operational data from the Distributed Control System (DCS) and Field Monitoring during the period of November 21 to December 21, 2025, assuming a steady-state flow. The calculation results show a significant performance degradation in both heat exchangers due to the high rate of fouling formation. The findings indicate that the actual Fouling Factor (Rd) value of the equipment has exceeded its design Rd limit specification. The accumulation of deposits and scale inside the unit acts as a heat insulator, resulting in a sharp decline in the thermal efficiency of Heat Exchanger E-2-02 to 64%. This thermal efficiency value is far below the required minimum industrial operational feasibility tolerance threshold of 80%. It can be concluded that the high fouling factor significantly affects and reduces the efficiency of the equipment. As a troubleshooting measure (corrective action), it is highly recommended to promptly perform repairs in the form of mechanical cleaning during the routine maintenance schedule (Turn Around / Plant Stop). Furthermore, the periodic injection of anti-foulant additives must also be implemented as a preventive measure to minimize future scale buildup and to maintain the operational stability and thermal efficiency of the heat exchangers.

Item Type:	Monograph (Project Report)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Heat Exchanger, Thermal Efficiency, Fouling Factor, High Vacuum Unit, Kern Method. Alat Penukar Panas, Efisiensi Termal, Fouling Factor, High Vacuum Unit, Metode Kern.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS174 Maintainability (Engineering) . Reliability (Engineering) T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning) T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS183 Manufacturing processes. Lean manufacturing.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Iswatun Siti Aisyah
Date Deposited:	17 Jul 2026 06:14
Last Modified:	17 Jul 2026 06:14
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/134990

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