Rizky, Alfa and Bagusandy, Rafian (2026) Desain Pabrik Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) dari Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) Kapasitas 3.000 Ton/tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pabrik Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) didesain untuk beroperasi pada tahun 2030 dengan kapasitas produksi 3,000 ton/tahun. Kapasitas produksi tahunan ini dapat memenuhi sebesar 55.53% permintaan produk MCC di Indonesia pada tahun tersebut. Permintaan produk MCC didominasi oleh industri farmasi yaitu sebesar 43.3%. Hingga tahun 2025, Indonesia masih melakukan impor untuk memenuhi permintaan produk MCC dan belum ada produsen MCC ataupun aktivitas ekspor MCC dari dalam negeri. Tingginya permintaan pasar terhadap produk MCC yang terus meningkat setiap tahun melatarbelakangi didirikannya pabrik MCC pertama di Indonesia. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah kayu sengon (Falcataria moluccana) yang didistribusikan dari wilayah Lumajang, Malang, Jember, dan Probolinggo yang produksi tahunannya mampu mencukupi kebutuhan tahunan pabrik MCC. Kebutuhan kayu sengon adalah 2,835 kg/batch setara dengan 22,396 batang sengon/tahun. Lokasi pabrik di Pasuruan tepatnya di PIER (Pasuruan Industrial Estate Rembang) merupakan lokasi strategis dan memiliki akses yang dekat dengan bahan baku, pelabuhan, dan sumber utilitas. Teknologi proses yang digunakan adalah rangkaian proses mulai dari pre-treatment, pulping, bleaching, hidrolisa, dan pengeringan. Dipilih proses pulping dengan alkali/soda yaitu natrium hidroksida, proses bleaching dengan TCF (bahan bebas klorin) yaitu hidrogen peroksida, dan proses hidrolisa dengan asam yaitu asam klorida. Yield produk MCC sebesar 90% dari kandungan selulosa pada bahan baku dengan spesifikasi produk MCC untuk kebutuhan industri farmasi dengan kemurnian MCC ≥97% (tepatnya 97.9%), kadar air ≤5% (tepatnya 2.1%), pH 5-7.5, ukuran partikel 80-100 mikron, indeks kristalinitas 60-85%, dan DP (Degree of Polymerization) pada rentang 128-226. Pengaplikasian produk MCC pada industri farmasi adalah sebagai superior compactibility, premier binder, dan superior flow. Terkait spesifikasi produk akan selalu dipastikan sesuai kualifikasi dan dilakukan uji kualitas oleh Departemen Quality Control (QC) & Quality Assurance (QA) di laboratorium uji kualitas produk. Secara ekonomi, pabrik ini dinilai layak untuk didirikan dengan nilai NPV sebesar Rp1,893,911,060,838.59; IRR sebesar 20.19%, POT pada 5.6 tahun, dan BEP pada 18.36% kapasitas produksi (550.92 ton produk MCC). Ditinjau dari aspek sosial, pendirian pabrik MCC di Pasuruan dapat membuka lowongan pekerjaan dan menurunkan angka pengangguran tepatnya di Jawa Timur dan sekitarnya. Sementara itu, berdasarkan aspek lingkungan, pabrik MCC menggunakan bahan bebas klorin pada proses produksi, memperhatikan reboisasi pada hutan produksi, penggunaan tarif listrik hijau, dan penerapan area terbuka hijau.
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A Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) plant is designed to operate in 2030 with a production capacity of 3,000 tons per year. This annual production capacity can meet approximately 55.53% of Indonesia's MCC product demand for that year. The demand for MCC products is dominated by the pharmaceutical industry, accounting for 43.3%. Until 2025, Indonesia still relies on imports to fulfill its MCC product demand, with no domestic MCC producers or MCC export activities. The establishment of the first MCC plant in Indonesia is driven by the high and continuously increasing annual market demand for MCC products. The raw material used is sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana), distributed from the Lumajang, Malang, Jember, and Probolinggo regions, whose annual production is sufficient to meet the annual requirements of the MCC plant. The sengon wood requirement is 2,835 kg per batch, equivalent to 22,396 sengon logs per year. The plant location in Pasuruan, specifically at the Pasuruan Industrial Estate Rembang (PIER), is strategic and provides close access to raw materials, ports, and utility sources. The process technology employed consists of a series of steps: pre-treatment, pulping, bleaching, hydrolysis, and drying. The selected processes include alkali/soda pulping using sodium hydroxide, Totally Chlorine-Free (TCF) bleaching using hydrogen peroxide, and acid hydrolysis using hydrochloric acid. The MCC product yield is 90% of the cellulose content in the raw material, with product specifications meeting pharmaceutical industry requirements: MCC purity ≥97% (specifically 97.9%), moisture content ≤5% (specifically 2.1%), pH 5-7.5, particle size 80-100 microns, crystallinity index 60-85%, and Degree of Polymerization (DP) ranging from 128-226. The application of MCC products in the pharmaceutical industry includes uses as a superior compactibility agent, premier binder, and superior flow agent. Product specifications will consistently be verified for compliance through quality testing conducted by the Quality Control (QC) & Quality Assurance (QA) Department in the product quality laboratory. Economically, the plant is deemed feasible to establish, with a Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 1,893,911,060,838.59, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 20.19%, a Payback Time (POT) of 5.6 years, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) at 18.36% of production capacity (550.92 tons of MCC product). From a socioeconomic perspective, the establishment of the MCC plant in Pasuruan is projected to generate employment opportunities, thereby reducing the unemployment rate specifically in East Java, and consequently improving the economic conditions of the local community surrounding the plant. Meanwhile, based on environmental aspects, the MCC plant utilizes chlorine-free materials in the production process, promotes reforestation in production forests, adopts green electricity tariffs, and implements green open spaces.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kayu Sengon, MCC, Pulping Alkali, TCF, Hidrolisa Asam, Sengon Wood, MCC, Alkali Pulping, Acid Hydrolysis |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Alfa Rizky |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2026 16:21 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2026 16:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135452 |
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