Desain Pabrik Garam Industri dari Garam Rakyat Menggunakan Metode Pencucian dengan Kapasitas 200.000 Ton/Tahun

Frenandika, Ananda and Syalsabilla, Artania (2026) Desain Pabrik Garam Industri dari Garam Rakyat Menggunakan Metode Pencucian dengan Kapasitas 200.000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Garam industri adalah garam yang memiliki kadar NaCl minimal 97% dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pada industri klor-alkali, pengolahan pangan, tekstil, hingga farmasi. Data BPS tahun 2024 mencatat bahwa kebutuhan garam industri di Indonesia terus meningkat dan mencapai 91% dari total kebutuhan garam nasional pada tahun 2023, namun mayoritas pasokannya masih dipenuhi melalui impor. Oleh karena itu, pendirian pabrik garam industri ini diharapkan mampu menekan angka impor sekaligus memenuhi kebutuhan garam industri dalam negeri. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah garam rakyat hasil produksi petambak di Madura dengan kadar NaCl di bawah 97%. Pemilihan metode produksi dilakukan melalui pendekatan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan metode terpilih, yakni metode Pencucian (washing) dua tahap menggunakan larutan brine jenuh. Lokasi pendirian pabrik berada di Kalianget, Kabupaten Sumenep, Jawa Timur, berdekatan dengan sumber bahan baku serta ketersediaan akses dan infrastruktur yang memadai. Proses produksi dimulai dengan pengecilan ukuran kristal garam rakyat, dilanjutkan dengan proses pencucian dua tahap menggunakan larutan brine jenuh dengan alat Screw Washer untuk melarutkan pengotor pada permukaan kristal. Larutan brine hasil pencucian kemudian dimurnikan dalam Reaktor dengan penambahan NaOH dan Na₂CO₃ sehingga menghasilkan endapan Ca²⁺ dan Mg²⁺ yang dapat dipisahkan dari larutan. Kristal garam yang telah dicuci selanjutnya dikeringkan menggunakan Rotary Dryer, didinginkan, dan melalui proses pengecilan ukuran untuk memperoleh ukuran kristal garam sesuai spesifikasi menggunakan Roll Crusher hingga ukuran 30 mesh. Dengan kapasitas produksi 200.000 ton/tahun dan waktu operasi 330 hari per tahun, pabrik ini mampu menghasilkan garam industri dengan kemurnian NaCl 98,45% yang telah memenuhi standar SNI. Dari sisi ekonomi, dibutuhkan Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) sebesar Rp112.696.378.043,21; Working Capital Investment (WCI) sebesar Rp19.887.596.125,27, sehingga Total Capital Investment (TCI) mencapai Rp132.583.974.168,49, dengan Total Production Cost (TPC) sebesar Rp511.000.677.883,31 per tahun. Hasil analisis kelayakan menunjukkan IRR sebesar 17,19% per tahun, POT selama 5,62 tahun, NPV sebesar Rp179.597.229.703,45, dan BEP sebesar 22,42%, yang mengindikasikan bahwa pabrik garam industri ini layak dan menguntungkan untuk didirikan.
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Industrial salt is salt with a minimum NaCl content of 97%, used as a raw material in the chlor-alkali, food processing, textile, and pharmaceutical industries. According to 2024 BPS data, industrial salt demand in Indonesia has continued to rise, reaching 91% of total national salt demand in 2023, while most of this supply is still met through imports. This condition is what drives the establishment of this industrial salt plant, expected to reduce import figures while meeting domestic industrial salt demand. The raw material used is solar (artisanal) salt produced by local farmers in Madura, with a NaCl content below 97%. The production method was selected through an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach, resulting in the two-stage washing method using saturated brine solution as the chosen process. The plant is located in Kalianget, Sumenep Regency, East Java, close to the raw material source and supported by adequate access and infrastructure. The production process begins with size reduction of the solar salt crystals, followed by a two-stage washing process using saturated brine in a Screw Washer to dissolve impurities on the crystal surface. The resulting brine solution is then purified in a Reactor with the addition of NaOH and Na₂CO₃, forming Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ precipitates that can be separated from the solution. The washed salt crystals are subsequently dried using a Rotary Dryer, cooled, and reduced in size using a Roll Crusher to obtain crystals of 30 mesh in accordance with the required specification. With a production capacity of 200,000 tons/year and 330 operating days per year, the plant is able to produce industrial salt with a NaCl purity of 98.45%, meeting SNI standards. Economically, the plant requires a Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) of Rp112,696,378,043.21 and a Working Capital Investment (WCI) of Rp19,887,596,125.27, bringing the Total Capital Investment (TCI) to Rp132,583,974,168.49, with a Total Production Cost (TPC) of Rp511,000,677,883.31 per year. The feasibility analysis shows an IRR of 17.19% per year, a POT of 5.62 years, an NPV of Rp179,597,229,703.45, and a BEP of 22.42%, indicating that this industrial salt plant is feasible and profitable to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	garam industri, garam rakyat, proses pencucian, substitusi impor, import substitution, industrial salt, solar salt, washing method
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes. T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ananda Frenandika
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 06:04
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 06:05
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135542

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