Analisis Pengaruh Perlakuan Panas Pada Proses Overlay Welding Dengan Smaw Terhadap Struktur Mikro Dan Sifat Mekanik Komponen Main Bore

Sari, Desita Fitri Ayu Rias (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Perlakuan Panas Pada Proses Overlay Welding Dengan Smaw Terhadap Struktur Mikro Dan Sifat Mekanik Komponen Main Bore. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dump truck memiliki peran yang penting di dunia industri, khususnya industri pertambangan. Dump truck membawa beban yang sangat berat dan bekerja secara kontinu di jalanan yang tidak rata, sehingga komponen dump truck rentan terhadap kerusakan. Kurangnya pelumasan menyebabkan gesekan antara main bore dan metal sehingga mengakibatkan munculnya goresan pada permukaan main bore serta menurunkan performa dari main bore. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperbaiki permukaan main bore yang mengalami cacat goresan melalui proses overlay welding dengan SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding), serta menganalisis pengaruh perlakuan panas pada struktur mikro dan sifat mekanik dari FCD 450 sebagai material dasar main bore. Perlakuan panas dilakukan dengan pre heat sebelum proses pengelasan untuk mencegah retak dan menurunkan kekerasan pada daerah HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) dan post heat setelah proses pengelasan untuk menekan laju pendinginan. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi, uji kekerasan, uji keausan, metalografi dan EPMA. Variasi yang digunakan ada 6 dengan temperatur pre heat 300℃ dan post heat 600℃ dan 650℃. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pre heat 300℃ memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil kekerasan yang lebih stabil dengan berkurangnya fasa keras mikrostruktur daerah HAZ serta laju keausan yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan variasi tanpa pre heat. Selain itu post heat 600℃ dan 650℃ dapat menghilangkan fasa keras sehingga hasil nilai kekerasan dan laju keausan lebih baik. Hasil mikrostruktur menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh antara pre heat dan post heat pada daerah weld metal maupun base metal. Kombinasi yang paling optimal adalah variasi pre heat 300℃ dan post heat 600℃ karena menghasilkan sifat mekanik yang baik dan tidak terbentuk cacat setelah proses pengelasan.
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Dump trucks play an important role in industry, particularly in the mining sector, as they carry heavy loads and operate continuously on uneven roads, making their components susceptible to damage. One of the components prone to damage is the cylinder block. Insufficient lubrication causes friction between the main bore and the crankshaft, resulting in scratches on the main bore surface and a decrease in its performance. This study was conducted to repair scratched main bore surfaces through the overlay welding process using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and to analyze the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FCD 450 used as the main bore base material. Heat treatment was applied in the form of preheating before welding to prevent cracking and reduce hardness in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), and post-heating after welding to accelerate hydrogen diffusion and minimize the risk of cracking. The tests conducted included hardness testing, metallographic examination, wear testing, and Electron Probe Micro Analyzer (EPMA) analysis. The results showed that preheating at 300°C produced more stable hardness values by reducing the formation of hard phases in the HAZ microstructure and lowering the wear rate compared to specimens without preheating. In addition, post-heating was able to eliminate hard phases, resulting in improved hardness and wear resistance. Microstructural observations indicated that preheating and post-heating had no significant effect on the microstructure of either the weld metal or the base metal. The most optimal combination was preheating at 300°C and post-heating at 600°C, as it provided good mechanical properties and prevented the formation of welding defects.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	FCD 450, Overlay Welding, Pre Heat, Post Heat, FCD 450, Overlay Welding, Pre Heat, Post Heat
Subjects:	T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS227 Welding.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Desita Fitri Ayu Rias Sari
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 07:26
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 07:26
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135759

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