Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Air Konsentrat Reverse Osmosis PLTU Paiton Probolinggo Dengan Kapasitas 10.000 Ton/Tahun

Raihan, Muhammad Shafa and Nopriansyah, Muhammad Fadhil (2026) Desain Pabrik Garam Farmasi Dari Air Konsentrat Reverse Osmosis PLTU Paiton Probolinggo Dengan Kapasitas 10.000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan garam farmasi di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan industri farmasi dan alat kesehatan, sementara kapasitas produksi dalam negeri masih terbatas sehingga sebagian kebutuhan masih dipenuhi melalui impor. Kondisi tersebut mendorong perlunya pengembangan fasilitas produksi garam farmasi berbasis sumber daya lokal yang efisien dan berkelanjutan. Tugas akhir ini membahas perancangan pabrik garam farmasi berkapasitas 10.000 ton per tahun yang direncanakan berlokasi di kawasan PLTU Paiton, Kabupaten Probolinggo, Jawa Timur, dengan memanfaatkan air konsentrat hasil proses Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) sebagai bahan baku utama. Air konsentrat dengan salinitas sekitar 57 ppt ini memiliki kadar garam yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan air laut konvensional, sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi energi pada tahap penguapan dan menurunkan kebutuhan energi proses secara keseluruhan. Proses produksi yang dipilih adalah Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE) yang dipadukan dengan vacuum pan crystallizer, dengan tahapan utama meliputi pretreatment untuk pengendalian ion pengotor seperti Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, dan SO₄²⁻, proses evaporasi–kristalisasi untuk pembentukan kristal, serta tahap pemurnian akhir yang mencakup pemisahan, pengeringan, pendinginan, dan pengayakan produk. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan bahwa pabrik mampu menghasilkan natrium klorida (NaCl) dengan tingkat kemurnian hingga 99,9% yang memenuhi standar Farmakope Indonesia. Analisis ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa pabrik membutuhkan investasi sebesar Rp 603,29 miliar dengan biaya operasi tahunan sebesar Rp 121,69 miliar. Evaluasi kelayakan finansial menghasilkan nilai Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 18,04%, Payback Period selama 5,55 tahun, Break Even Point pada 23,34% kapasitas produksi, serta Net Present Value (NPV) positif sebesar Rp 440,87 miliar. Berdasarkan evaluasi teknis dan ekonomi tersebut, pabrik garam farmasi ini dinyatakan layak untuk diinvestasikan dan didirikan, serta berpotensi mengurangi ketergantungan impor dan mendukung penerapan konsep ekonomi sirkular melalui pemanfaatan limbah air konsentrat hasil proses desalinasi.
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The demand for pharmaceutical-grade salt in Indonesia has continued to increase in line with the growth of the pharmaceutical and medical device industries, while domestic production capacity remains limited, resulting in continued reliance on imports. This final project focuses on the design of a pharmaceutical salt plant with a production capacity of 10,000 tons per year, planned to be located in the PLTU Paiton area, Probolinggo Regency, East Java, utilizing concentrated brine from the Sea Water Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) process as the main raw material. The SWRO concentrate, with a salinity of approximately 57 ppt, has a significantly higher salt content than conventional seawater, thereby offering the potential to improve energy efficiency in the evaporation stage and reduce overall energy consumption. The selected production process consists of a Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE) integrated with a vacuum pan crystallizer. The main processing stages include pretreatment for the removal of impurity ions such as Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and SO₄²⁻, followed by evaporation and crystallization for salt formation, and final purification steps comprising solid–liquid separation, drying, cooling, and product sizing. The design results indicate that the plant is capable of producing sodium chloride (NaCl) with a purity of up to 99.9%, complying with the requirements of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia. The economic evaluation shows that the project requires a total capital investment of IDR 603.29 billion with annual operating costs of IDR 121.69 billion. Financial feasibility analysis yields an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 18.04%, a Payback Period of 5.55 years, a Break Even Point at 23.34% of production capacity, and a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 440.87 billion. Based on the technical and economic assessments, the proposed pharmaceutical salt plant is considered feasible for investment and construction, with the potential to reduce import dependency and support the implementation of circular economy principles through the utilization of SWRO concentrate waste.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Garam farmasi, Air konsentrat RO, Multiple effect evaporator, Ekonomi sirkular Pharmaceutical-grade salt, RO concentrate, multiple effect evaporator, Circular economy
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Shafa Raihan
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 05:41
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 05:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/135854

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