Desain Dan Implementasi Meter Ukur Pintar Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Komunikasi Mesh Guna Meminimalisir Access Point Pada Monitoring Sistem Daya

Mahendro Putra, Rizqullah Bima (2026) Desain Dan Implementasi Meter Ukur Pintar Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Komunikasi Mesh Guna Meminimalisir Access Point Pada Monitoring Sistem Daya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Penggunaan sistem monitoring daya secara real-time pada sistem kelistrikan modern telah menjadi kebutuhan penting untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan kualitas sistem. Namun, implementasi sistem monitoring multi-node pada area luas seringkali terbentur oleh keterbatasan infrastruktur komunikasi karena setiap perangkat harus terhubung langsung ke Access point. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan meter ukur pintar berbasis IoT menggunakan komunikasi mesh untuk meminimalisir kebutuhan Access point pada monitoring sistem daya. Sistem menggunakan sensor PZEM-004T untuk mengukur enam parameter kelistrikan yaitu tegangan, arus, daya aktif, energi, frekuensi, dan faktor daya)\ yang terhubung ke mikrokontroler ESP32. Tiga unit ESP32 digunakan dalam sistem ini, terdiri dari satu unit gateway (Node 0) yang juga terhubung ke sensor PZEM-004T sekaligus terhubung ke internet, dan dua unit node sensor (Node 1 dan Node 2) yang berkomunikasi melalui komunikasi mesh menggunakan library painlessMesh. Unit gateway menggunakan konfigurasi dua buah ESP32 untuk memisahkan beban kerja manajemen komunikasi mesh dan pengiriman data ke platform Blynk IoT. Pengujian dilakukan di Workshop PT Teknologila Ciptakan Masa Depan untuk validasi fungsi alat pada kondisi operasional nyata. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sensor PZEM-004T memiliki akurasi yang baik dengan error rata-rata tegangan sebesar 0,82%, error rata-rata arus sebesar 0,46%, dan error rata-rata daya sebesar 0,46%. Pengujian jarak komunikasi mesh menunjukkan kemampuan komunikasi langsung antar dua ESP32 mencapai 120 meter dengan packet loss 0% pada kondisi node statis. Pengujian multi-hop menggunakan tiga ESP32 dengan jarak gateway ke node 100 meter dan antar node 50 meter berhasil memvalidasi mekanisme relay data. Seluruh node berhasil mengirimkan data secara kontinu ke dashboard Blynk tanpa mengalami disconnect, dan sistem mampu memisahkan data multi-node secara otomatis berdasarkan Node ID. Hanya diperlukan satu access point pada unit gateway untuk melayani seluruh titik monitoring, di mana node-node lain dapat mengirimkan data melalui jalur relay antar-node tanpa koneksi langsung ke router. Dengan kemampuan komunikasi mesh, sistem ini terbukti mampu memperluas cakupan monitoring tanpa penambahan Access point baru, sehingga mengurangi kompleksitas instalasi pada sistem monitoring daya.
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The use of real-time power monitoring systems in modern electrical systems has become an essential need for improving energy efficiency and system quality. However, the implementation of multi-node monitoring systems in large areas is often hindered by network infrastructure limitations since each device must connect directly to an Access point. This research aims to design and implement an IoT-based smart power meter using mesh communication to minimize Access point requirements in power system monitoring. The system uses PZEM-004T sensors to measure six electrical parameters which are voltage, current, active power, energy, frequency, and power factor connected to ESP32 microcontrollers. Three ESP32 units are used in this system, consisting of one gateway unit (Node 0) that is also connected to the PZEM-004T sensor as well as the internet, and two sensor nodes (Node 1 and Node 2) that communicate through a mesh network using the painlessMesh library. The gateway unit uses a dual ESP32 configuration to separate the workload of mesh network management and data transmission to the Blynk IoT platform. Testing was conducted at the PT Teknologila Ciptakan Masa Depan Workshop to validate the device function in real operational conditions. The test results show that the PZEM-004T sensor has good accuracy with an average voltage error of 0.82%, average current error of 0.46%, and average power error of 0.46%. The mesh network distance test showed that direct communication between two ESP32s reached 120 meters with 0% packet loss under stable node conditions. Multi-hop testing using three ESP32s with 50 meters inter-node distance successfully validated the data relay mechanism. All nodes successfully sent data continuously to the Blynk dashboard without experiencing disconnections, and the system was able to automatically separate multi-node data based on Node ID. Only one access point is required at the gateway unit to serve all monitoring points, where other nodes can send data through inter-node relay paths without a direct connection to the router. With mesh communication capabilities, this system has been proven to expand monitoring coverage without adding new Access points, thereby reducing infrastructure costs and installation complexity in power monitoring systems.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Meter ukur pintar, Komunikasi Mesh, Monitoring Daya, Smart Grid. Smart Power Meter, Mesh Network, , Power Monitoring, Smart Grid.
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK351 Electric measurements.
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rizqullah Bima Mahendro Putra
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2026 05:08
Last Modified:	21 Jul 2026 05:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136061

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